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IL12-based phototherapeutic nanoparticles through remodeling tumor-associated macrophages combined with immunogenic tumor cell death for synergistic cancer immunotherapy.

Biomater Sci

September 2025

Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy, The Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, 300192, China.

Various cancer therapeutic strategies have been designed for targeting tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), but TAM reprogramming-based monotherapy is often clinically hindered, likely due to the lack of a coordinated platform to initiate T cell-mediated immunity. Herein, we fabricated reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive human serum albumin (HSA)-based nanoparticles (PEG/IL12-IA NPs) consisting of indocyanine green (ICG), arginine (Arg), and interleukin 12 (IL12). Upon laser irradiation, the nanoparticles were found to be able to dissociate, thus facilitating the release of IL12.

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Significance of Th1 and Th2 Cell Densities and Th1/Th2 Cytokine Profiles in Colorectal Cancer.

Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev

September 2025

Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.

Background: T-cell densities are associated with colorectal cancer outcome, but the significance of specific Th cell subsets is incompletely understood. We aimed to investigate the role of Th1 and Th2 cells and associated cytokine profiles.

Methods: We used multiplex IHC to identify Th1 and Th2 cells on tumor samples of more than 2,000 patients with colorectal cancer (three independent cohorts).

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Unraveling epigenetic drivers of immune evasion in gliomas: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.

Front Immunol

September 2025

Precision Pharmacy and Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.

Gliomas are the most common primary malignant tumors of the central nervous system (CNS), and despite progress in molecular diagnostics and targeted therapies, their prognosis remains poor. In recent years, immunotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment modality in cancer therapy. However, the inevitable immune evasion by tumor cells is a key barrier affecting therapeutic efficacy.

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A strategy for targeting tumor-associated hypoxia utilizes reductase enzyme-mediated cleavage to convert biologically inert prodrugs to their corresponding biologically active parent therapeutic agents selectively in areas of pronounced hypoxia. Small-molecule inhibitors of tubulin polymerization represent unique therapeutic agents for this approach, with the most promising functioning as both antiproliferative agents (cytotoxins) and as vascular disrupting agents (VDAs). VDAs selectively and effectively disrupt tumor-associated microvessels, which are typically fragile and chaotic in nature.

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Abnormal glycosylation is widespread in cancer, and the overexpression of glycoantigens is a manifestation of glycosylation abnormalities. Tn antigen, sTn antigen, and T antigen are known as tumor-associated glycoantigens, and their expression varies in different tumors or subtypes of the same tumor. Therefore, simultaneous detection of these three glycoantigens is of great significance for the diagnosis of tumors.

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