Bidirectional Relationships Between Daily Sleep and Alcohol Use.

Background: Prior longitudinal studies demonstrate that sleep disturbance is a risk factor for alcohol misuse. Experimental research also shows that alcohol intake negatively impacts sleep. The present study evaluated temporal bidirectional relationships between sleep and alcohol intake using intensive longitudinal methods.

Predicting hydrocarbon presence in marine cold seep sediments using machine learning models trained with benthic bacterial 16S rRNA taxonomy.

Unlabelled: Hydrocarbon seepage in marine sediments exerts selective pressure on benthic microbiomes. Accordingly, microbial community composition in these sediments can reflect the presence of hydrocarbons, with specific groups being more prolific in association with seepage. Here, we tested machine learning models with large 16S rRNA gene amplicon data sets derived from marine sediments in deep-sea hydrocarbon prospective areas of the Eastern Gulf of Mexico and NW Atlantic Scotian Slope.

Polyphenol Intake from Herbs and Spices.

: Culinary herbs and spices are potent sources of bioactive compounds such as (poly)phenols that confer health benefits to consumers. Observational studies have quantified (poly)phenol intake levels from foods and beverages but not herbs and spices. Hence, the contribution of herbs and spices to (poly)phenol intakes is unclear.

Maternal substance use and infant temperament in health professional shortage areas: socioeconomic and religious influences.

Aims/background: Perinatal use of alcohol, caffeine, and second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure is associated with a variety of adverse birth outcomes and may be associated with adverse infant temperament outcomes. This study aimed to examine the relationship among maternal substance use, maternal sociodemographic factors, and infant temperament.

Design/methods: Using longitudinal data for 96 women and their infants in a health provider shortage area (HPSA), we examined the relationship between infant temperament and maternal alcohol and caffeine use, and SHS exposure prior to, during, and 6 months following pregnancy.

Impact of a Virtual Art Program on Quality of Life for Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults With Cancer.

BackgroundPediatric cancer impacts children's physical, cognitive, and psychological well-being. Evidence-based interventions are needed to improve quality of life (QOL) and address social isolation. Virtual art programs may address these needs by enhancing accessibility.

Omadacycline exhibits anti-inflammatory properties and improves survival in a murine model of post-influenza MRSA pneumonia.

Post-influenza pneumonia, particularly methicillin-resistant (MRSA), remains a major cause of mortality, highlighting the urgent need for newer therapeutic options. Omadacycline is an aminomethylcycline antibiotic that has demonstrated efficacy against MRSA across many infection models, but its potential in post-influenza A virus (IAV)-MRSA pneumonia remains unexplored. Using a murine model of this infection, we evaluated the effects of omadacycline and a comparator antibiotic, linezolid, on survival, inflammation, bacterial load, toxin production, and lung histopathology.

Algae-driven bioelectrochemical systems: Recent advances, applications, and prospects.

Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) are sustainable biotechnologies that have garnered global interest in recent decades. Since their inception, these systems have evolved through various configurations and modifications to enhance performance, prominently featuring microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Researchers are addressing the scaling challenges of MFCs with studies on algae-assisted MFCs (algae-MFCs), which simultaneously generate bioelectricity and treat wastewater cost-effectively.

Heart-Brain axis: is microvascular dysfunction the link between stroke and Takotsubo syndrome?

Takotsubo syndrome (TS) is characterized by transient left ventricular dysfunction, often triggered by psychological or physiological stress. Increasing evidence highlights the critical role of the brain-heart axis in TS, with small blood vessels acting as central mediators. Recent data indicate a significant association between TS and cerebrovascular events, particularly ischemic stroke.

Development of the First Small-Molecule Inhibitor Targeting Oncostatin M for Treatment of Breast Cancer.

Oncostatin M (OSM) is a proinflammatory cytokine implicated in inflammatory diseases and multiple cancers, especially breast cancer. To date, no federally approved anti-OSM therapeutics exist. We computationally screened ∼1.

Comparative Bioavailability Study of Jaspine B: Impact of Nanoliposomal Drug Delivery System on Pharmacokinetics.

: Jaspine B, a synthetic analog of anhydrophytosphingosine, demonstrates significant anticancer activity; however, its clinical application is hindered by its poor oral bioavailability, resulting in suboptimal systemic exposure. This study aimed to enhance the pharmacokinetic properties of Jaspine B by developing a liposomal delivery system. : Jaspine B-loaded liposomes were formulated using a microfluidic approach and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to assess particle morphology and size distribution.

Systemic Factors Fuel Food Insecurity Among Collegiate Student-Athletes: Qualitative Findings from the Running on Empty Study.

Unlabelled: Collegiate student-athletes are particularly vulnerable to food insecurity (FI). Prevalence rates range from 9.9% to 65%, although research is limited among this population.

Conceptual framework for prediction models of patient deterioration based on nursing documentation patterns: reproducibility and generalizability with a large number of hospitals across the United States.

Objective: The Health Process Model (HPM)-ExpertSignals Conceptual Framework posits that healthcare professionals' patient care behaviors can be used to predict in-hospital deterioration. Prediction models based on this framework have been validated using data from 4 hospitals within two healthcare systems. As clinician-system interactions may differ across organizations, this study aimed to evaluate the reproducibility and generalizability of the underlying conceptual framework using data from over 200 hospitals across the US.

A new large 'silesaur' specimen from the ?Late Triassic of Zambia; taxonomic, ecological and evolutionary implications.

'Silesaurs' are bird-line archosaurs that either represent the sister clade to dinosaurs or a paraphyletic grade of early ornithischians. Here, we describe a partial silesaur femur, NHMUK PV R37051, from the Ladinian/Carnian Ntawere Formation of Zambia. This femur is notable for being one of the largest silesaur specimens yet known, both globally and from the Ntawere Formation.

A Review Discussing Synthesis and Translational Studies of Medicinal Agents Targeting Sphingolipid Pathways.

Sphingolipids (SLs) are a class of bioactive lipids characterized by sphingoid bases (SBs) as their backbone structure. These molecules exhibit distinct cellular functions, including cell growth, apoptosis, senescence, migration, and inflammatory responses, by interacting with esterases, amidases, kinases, phosphatases, and membrane receptors. These interactions result in a highly interconnected network of enzymes and pathways, known as the sphingolipidome.

Machine Learning for Coronary Plaque Characterization: A Multimodal Review of OCT, IVUS, and CCTA.

Coronary plaque vulnerability, more than luminal stenosis, drives acute coronary syndromes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT), intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), and coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) visualize plaque morphology in vivo, but manual interpretation is time-consuming and operator-dependent. We performed a narrative literature survey of artificial intelligence (AI) applications-focusing on machine learning (ML) architectures-for automated coronary plaque segmentation and risk characterization across OCT, IVUS, and CCTA.

Severe cutaneous adverse reactions and risk of autoimmune disease, including psoriasis and ulcerative colitis: A cohort study.

Background: Limited evidence exists on the association between autoimmune disease (AD) risk and patients with severe cutaneous adverse reactions(SCARs). The aim of this study was to estimate the risks of a set of incident autoimmune outcomes in patients with SCARs.

Methods: We used the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database to build a cohort of 21,170 eligible individuals with SCARs and a matched non-SCARs cohort comprising 211,700 individuals.

T2 mapping in acute myocarditis: advancing quantitative cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging for precision medicine.

Aim: Myocarditis is an inflammatory condition characterised by myocardial oedema, which is a key diagnostic criterion. The introduction of T2 mapping techniques has enabled the quantitative assessment of myocardial oedema using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). This study investigated the demographic, laboratory, clinical, and CMR correlates of T2 mapping in patients with acute myocarditis.

Major Allele Frequencies in and in Asian and European Populations: A Case Study to Disaggregate Data Among Large Racial Categories.

CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 are major CYP450 enzymes that heavily influence the hepatic metabolism and bioactivation of many medications, including over-the-counter and narrow therapeutic index drugs. Compared to the wild-type alleles, genetic variants in either gene could potentially alter the pharmacokinetics of widely used medications, affect the desired therapeutic outcomes of a drug therapy, or increase the risk of undesired adverse events. The frequency of genetic polymorphisms associated with CYP450 enzymes can widely differ across and between racial and ethnic groups.

Consumer Involvement in the Co-Design of Diabetes Self-Management Smartphone Apps: A Scoping Review.

Consumer involvement in the co-design of diabetes self-management smartphone apps is vital. This scoping review explored how consumers are involved in the co-design processes and methods and approaches guiding this research.Our review was guided by Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage framework, PRISMA-ScR guidelines, and Witteman and colleagues' 11-item user-centered design (UCD-11) framework.

The comparative effectiveness of telehealth versus primary care and collection of urine cultures on outcome in urinary tract infection.

Studies of urinary tract infection (UTI) treatment in telehealth settings have primarily evaluated young, healthy females. Urine culture collection is less common in telehealth settings but is recommended for all patients with potentially complicated infection. The aims of this study were: (1) to compare UTI-related clinical failure between telehealth and in-person primary care settings, and (2) evaluate if urine culture (UC) collection impacted UTI-related failure in patients with risk for antibiotic resistant infection.

Isolation and genome annotation of Rowlf, a novel cluster EG bacteriophage with a purple acid phosphatase-like gene.

Isolated from grass thatch in Pocatello, Idaho, phage Rowlf has a siphovirus morphology and is presumed to be a lytic bacteriophage. Rowlf has a 62,044 bp genome with 104 putative genes, including a purple acid phosphatase-like gene found in leguminous plants and bacteria. Based on similarity to actinobacteriophages, Rowlf was assigned cluster EG.

Comparing Patient Outcomes in Aphasia Rehabilitation: Intensive Comprehensive, Modified Intensive Comprehensive, and Usual Care Models.

Purpose: Aphasia negatively impacts functional communication, communicative participation, and psychosocial well-being in stroke survivors, requiring novel models of rehabilitation that are person centered and holistic. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of three service delivery models: intensive comprehensive aphasia program (ICAP), modified intensive comprehensive aphasia program (mICAP), and usual care (UC).

Method: This Phase I quasirandomized study investigated three models of service delivery for stroke survivors with post-acute aphasia: a 4-week, 84-hr ICAP; a 2-week, 24-hr mICAP; and an 8-week, 24-hr UC condition.

A critical narrative review of the experiences of Latinas, Hispanic, or Spanish origin (LHS+) women in medical field using Latina/Chicana feminist perspective.

Women who identify as Latinas, Hispanic, or Spanish Origin (LHS+) are members of one of the fastest growing ethnic groups in the US. When we consider this fact regarding providing quality healthcare, we find that it is important to have a physician workforce that is representative of this population. However, there is little research about the experiences of LHS+ women in the medical field.