Comparison of Functional Performance Across Age Groups in Older Adults: A Community-Based Study.

Objectives: To investigate the association among 5 clinical functional performance tests-single-leg stance, gait speed, tandem gait, Timed Up and Go (TUG), and forward step- as indicators of functional decline in older adults, and to examine whether these associations vary across different age groups.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting And Participants: Data were collected from 191 community-dwelling older adults, stratified into 4 age groups: 60-64, 65-69, 70-74, and 75-79 years.

Insights from the first 820 patients from the Brazilian Multicenter Registry of Hereditary Angioedema: the key role of genetic testing and targeted therapies.

Background: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder with a prevalence of 1:50,000 individuals. Delayed diagnosis and deaths from asphyxia still occur.

Objective: To identify knowledge and management gaps regarding clinical, genetic, and therapeutic aspects of HAE in Brazil, aiming to improve patient care and outcomes.

Simulation of a radiological accident involving a radioisotope thermoelectric generator.

Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators (RTGs) are devices that convert heat from radioactive decay into electrical energy and are used in remote locations due to their low maintenance requirements. Various types of RTGs were produced with sources containing large amounts of Strontium-90, which require multiple layers of shielding materials. However, the lack of control and the ease of access to the source increase the biological risk in the event of a breach of the device.

Distribution and activation of nitrergic neurons in response to aversive stimulus exposure in the Tropidurus hispidus lizard: Involvement of glutamatergic circuitry.

Introduction: Fear is a response to real aversive stimuli. Studies on phylogenetically distant species like reptiles can offer valuable insights into the neural mechanisms of fear.

Objective: To investigate the activation and distribution of nitrergic neurons in the telencephalon of Tropidurus hispidus lizards and evaluate the role of glutamatergic modulation via NMDA receptors following exposure to an aversive stimulus.

Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Use Among Cisgender and Transgender Adult Entertainment Workers in Brazil.

Adult entertainment work may be associated with increased vulnerability to sexually transmitted infections, particularly HIV. In Brazil, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV infection has been available through the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) since November 2017, representing a significant advancement in public sexual health policy. The objective of this study was to understand the individual and social determinants that promote PrEP use among adult entertainment workers.

Effectiveness of tuberculosis preventive treatment on disease incidence among people living with HIV/AIDS: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Clinical trials have shown the protective efficacy of tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) for averting disease and death from tuberculosis among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV). TPT has been recommended for PLHIV since the 1980s. However, tuberculosis is still the first cause of death in PLHIV.

The numbers behind success: key metrics for advancing in male EURO 2024.

This study aimed to identify the key performance indicators (KPIs) that distinguish football teams advancing through the group and knockout stages in the UEFA EURO 2024 tournament. A total of 51 matches were analyzed, including 66 variables sourced from official UEFA statistics. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to reduce the dataset, retaining variables with eigenvalues greater than 1 and factor loadings of at least 0.

Anethole addition during in vitro follicle culture and oocyte in vitro maturation improves cumulus-oocyte complexes quality and embryo production rates.

In vitro follicle culture (IVFC) supports the development of in vitro-grown cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs), but oocyte maturation and embryo production rates from these COCs are often lower than those of in vivo-derived counterparts. Anethole, a natural antioxidant, has shown potential to improve follicle development and oocyte maturation in vitro. However, the optimal timing of anethole supplementation during IVFC and/or in vitro maturation (IVM), and its impact on developmental outcomes relative to in vivo-derived COCs, remains to be clarified.

Development of a Mobile Phone Application for Monitoring Cardiovascular Health.

Objectives: Cardiovascular diseases have been the leading cause of death worldwide. The American Heart Association defined eight metrics for cardiovascular health to reduce mortality. Mobile health tools can support shared clinical decisionmaking, provide tele-monitoring feedback, and improve patient adherence to medication regimens.

Acute electro cardiotoxicity of pesticide Aldrin: unexpected role of Na1.5.

Aldrin, an organochlorine pesticide (insecticide), is almost completely banned around the world, but its chemical stability favors the detection in countries in which it was already banned. The toxicity of Aldrin to mammals is already document, mostly related to the central nervous system involvement, including mechanisms such as apoptosis and GABAergic inhibition. However the cardiotoxicity of Aldrin is poorly explored.

Beyond the standard: a comprehensive review of innovative experimental models using Tenebrio molitor larvae.

Insects are considered as an alternative in vivo model for evaluating various biological activities. Among them, larvae stand out as experimental model due to the low economic value during maintenance, in addition to the low demand and easy handling. Tenebrio molitor larvae are receiving attention as alternative methods in determination of efficacy studies.

Adverse clinical outcomes and associated factors among older adults undergoing hemodialysis in Brazil: A single-center experience.

Introduction: In the last decade, there has been an increase in the number of older adults diagnosed with kidney failure in Brazil. Anecdotal reports suggest that older adults receiving hemodialysis (HD) face a higher risk of adverse outcomes. This study aims to investigate adverse clinical outcomes and associated factors among adults over age 60 who received chronic HD at a single center in northeastern Brazil.

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Direct Detection of via Gold Nanorod Plasmon Resonance.

Dengue, Zika, yellow fever, chikungunya, and Mayaro arboviruses represent an increasing threat to public health because of the serious infections they cause annually in many countries. Serological diagnosis of these viruses is challenging, making the development of new diagnostic strategies imperative. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of gold nanorods (GNRs) functionalized with specific anti-dengue and anti-orthoflavivirus antibodies in detecting viral particles.

The Role of Advanced Glycation End-Products in the Pathophysiology and Pharmacotherapy of Cardiovascular Disease.

Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are formed by the non-enzymatic glycation of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids due to the consumption of high-carbohydrate diets; their production is also promoted by a sedentary lifestyle as well as cigarette smoking. Elevated levels of AGEs in the circulatory system and internal organs of the body are commonly observed in a number of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, aortic aneurysm, atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, and heart failure, which are associated with the development of oxidative stress and myocardial inflammation. The adverse effects of AGEs on the cardiovascular system are elicited by both non-receptor mechanisms involving the cross-linking of extracellular and intracellular proteins, and by receptor-mediated mechanisms involving the binding of AGEs with advanced glycation end-product receptors (RAGEs) on the cell membrane.

Impact of Capsaicinoid Supplementation in Health and Performance of Broiler Chickens Subjected to Lipopolysaccharide Challenge.

This study investigated the effects of dietary capsaicinoid (CAP) supplementation on broiler chickens subjected to an inflammatory challenge induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A total of 144 Cobb500™ male broilers (Rivelli Alimentos SA, Matheus Leme, Brazil), raised from 1 to 21 days, were randomly assigned to three treatments, with eight replicates of six birds. Treatments were a control diet (CON), a control diet with LPS administration (CON+LPS), and a control diet supplemented with 1 mg CAP/kg feed and LPS (CAP+LPS).

Utility of auditory steady-state response in differentiating pediatric auditory neuropathy spectrum disorders: with normal auditory nerve diameter versus with auditory nerve hypoplasia.

Purpose: Evaluations of Auditory Evoked Potentials, more specifically Auditory Steady-State Responses (ASSR) in children having Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder (ANSD) with normal auditory nerve diameter and ANSD with auditory nerve hypoplasia were performed, to analyze the feasibility of using ASSR as a predictor of behavioral thresholds in this population.

Methods: In total, 27 children were evaluated; 17 diagnosed as ANSD with normal auditory nerve diameter (group 1) and 10 diagnosed as ANSD with auditory nerve hypoplasia (group 2). The participants' ages ranged from six months to 10 years and 9 months, and all had bilateral alterations; therefore, 54 ears were analyzed.

The Association of Prehospital Care Level and Triage Accuracy with Trauma Outcomes: A Multi-Country, Multicenter Cohort Study.

Background: Proper triage and transport to trauma centers improve outcomes for severe trauma patients. However, little is known regarding these processes across Latin American healthcare systems, limiting regional improvement efforts.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the association of prehospital care level and triage accuracy with hospital outcomes in trauma patients in Latin America.

Entomological surveillance for phlebotomines in the metropolitan region of Aracaju, Brazil.

Records of infections by Leishmania spp. (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) have been occurring in the last decade in Sergipe, Brazil. The capital, Aracaju, alone accounted for 44% of the total cases of the state for the visceral form between 2007 and 2016, with high numbers also in other municipalities that make up the metropolitan region.

Study of Arytenoid Adduction Under Laryngotracheal Intubation in Excised Human Larynges.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the degree of medialization of the arytenoid vocal process obtained with the technique of adduction of the arytenoid cartilage under laryngotracheal intubation with tubes of different sizes.

Material And Methods: This was an experimental study carried out with 16 human larynges excised from adult cadavers, nine male and seven female. Glottic closure was produced with adduction of the arytenoid cartilage, using the technique adapted from Isshiki.

Enhanced skin photoprotection integrating a spray-dried hesperetin nanocapsules semisolid formulation: Development of the formulation and clinical trial study.

This study aimed to develop a cosmetic formulation containing dried hesperetin nanocapsules using titanium dioxide as a drying excipient (spray-dried NC-HT-TiO) for photoprotection. Nanoformulation was evaluated and characterized for cytotoxicity, stability, adhesion, skin penetration and permeation, irritability (HET-CAM), skin toxicity, in vitro photoprotective effects, SPF values, and pilot clinical study in volunteers. The hesperetin nanocapsules showed an average particle size of 205.

Luminescent Nanocomposite SiO/EuTTA/ZIF‑8 Loaded with Uvaol: Synthesis, Characterization, Anti-Inflammatory Effects, and Molecular Docking Analysis.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory condition that requires innovative approaches for effective drug delivery. Uvaol, a natural triterpene with potent anti-inflammatory effects, holds promise for asthma treatment. However, its low bioavailability limits its therapeutic applications.

Effectiveness of educational interventions in improving antimicrobial dispensing by community pharmacists: a systematic review.

Background: Identifying antimicrobial dispensing services is crucial for promoting the rational use of these medicines and mitigating microbial resistance. Educational interventions can support this process; however, a comprehensive synthesis of their effectiveness is still lacking. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of educational interventions in improving antimicrobial dispensing among community pharmacists.