Gut health modulation through phytogenics in poultry: mechanisms, benefits, and applications.

The potential of phytogenic feed additives (PFAs) to modulate gut health has drawn much attention as natural alternatives to antibiotics in poultry production. These plant-derived compounds, such as polyphenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, and essential oils exhibit various bioactive properties that improve gut microbiota composition, support immune function, and improve nutrient absorption by influencing gut morphology and digestive enzyme activity. Their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties help maintain and improve overall poultry performance and lower the prevalence of diseases related to gut and intestinal integrity.

Analgesic practices for acute pain management in cats and dogs in Africa.

Objectives: To understand perceptions and analgesic practices for acute pain management in cats and dogs by veterinarians in Africa.

Materials And Methods: Data from small animal veterinarians were collected using an online questionnaire (English/French) and convenience sampling. Pain management practices and perceptions of veterinarians were analysed using multiple correspondence analysis.

The hunter and the hunted: mpox in the Mkpot rainforest community of Nigeria.

We describe challenges and opportunities during the mpox virus animal reservoir surveillance expedition to the Mkpot community in Nigeria, a remote enclave in the heart of the Cross River rainforest that is replete with viral and ecological footprints. Anecdotal evidence of mpox in Mkpot and adjoining villages, and the absence of domestic animals where wild animal hunting and consumption is intense, suggests potential spillover of infections at the human-animal interface, requiring active surveillance and monitoring.

Dataset on insight into inhibition capacity of cyclic tetra-amino acid based compounds as efficient crystal structure of human insulin-degrading enzyme inhibitors.

The biochemical evaluation of nine cyclopeptide derivatives were investigated using computational approaches. Key software in drug design and discovery (Spartan for optimization; Molecular operating environment (MOE) for induced fit docking; ADMETSar for pharmacokinetics; GROMACS for molecular dynamic simulation) were employed in this work. The optimization was accomplished using 6-31G* as basis set via Spartan 14 software while the optimized compounds were docked against human insulin-degrading enzyme (2WBY).

Cow dung waste as an eco-friendly adsorbent for Alizarin Red S dye removal.

In this study, cow dung waste (CDW), acid-treated cow dung waste (ATCDW), and base-treated cow dung waste (BTCDW) were evaluated for the removal of Alizarin Red S (ARS) from aqueous solutions using UV-Vis spectroscopy. The adsorbents were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) to understand their structural and surface properties. The adsorption optimal conditions for the adsorption of ARS were obtained as ARS concentration of 300 mg/L, pH of 2, temperature of 45 °C, and contact time of 100 min for CDW and ATCDW, 80 min for BTCDW respectively.

Sustainable production of eicosapentaenoic acid-rich emulsion from Nannochloropsis gaditana by nitrogen regulation and physical cell disruption.

Nannochloropsis gaditana is a promising novel food ingredient; however, its utilization remains limited due to its rigid bilayer cell wall. In this study, co-enrichment of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and protein was achieved by supplementing with 1.76 mmol/L NaNO, yielding biomass enriched with functional nutrients.

Effects of early-age feed restriction and thermal conditioning on the physiological and performance responses of broiler chickens under heat stress.

The perinatal experiences in broiler chickens can have a significant impact on the phenotypes of offspring and can affect how they interact with their environment, affecting their health, productivity and welfare. This study aimed to evaluate the synergistic effect of early-age feed restriction and thermal conditioning on the physiological responses of broiler chickens in hot tropical environments. Two hundred forty male Marshall broiler chicks were assigned to four treatments with four replicates of fifteen birds each.

Health risk associated with exposure to atrazine residue in drinking water, soil and cassava (Manihot esculenta) from seven hard-to-reach farm settlements in Ago-Iwoye, Southwest Nigeria.

Studies on health risks associated with exposure to atrazine have largely focused on a single exposure pathway, less attention has been given to its potential integral risks resulting from multiple exposures. This study evaluated health risks associated with exposure to atrazine residues in drinking water, soil and cassava from seven hard-to-reach farm settlements in Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria. Drinking water, soils and cassava tuber collected from each farm settlement were analysed for atrazine residues using standard technique.

Relationship Between Virtual Pharmacology Lecture, Attendance and Performance: Personal Experience With Veterinary Students of the University of BUEA, Southwest Cameroon.

Risk and cost of transportation and other unforeseen circumstances can hamper in-person pharmacology lectures with students. Hence, the study is aimed at identifying the advantages and disadvantages of pharmacology lectures via Zoom. A crossover design was adopted for the study that involved a total of 151 students of veterinary medicine, which comprised students of 400 level (52), 500 level (52) and 600 level (47) who participated six times in the study for one semester.

Multilevel systems biology analysis identifies key immune response profiles and potential correlates of protection for M72/AS01E vaccine against tuberculosis.

Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) claims around 1.5 million lives annually. The M72/AS01E vaccine candidate is an innovative effort demonstrating a 50% reduction in the incidence of active TB in adults.

Effects of climate change on vaccine storage and cold chain logistics: a qualitative study in Ogun State, Nigeria.

Introduction: Climate change remains a global challenge posing a significant risk to the vaccine cold chain system logistics. It threatens vaccine potency due to inadequate storage facilities and ineffective vaccine distribution mechanisms, which are mostly affected by unpredictable environmental conditions. In Nigeria, this situation is worsened by unreliable electric power supply, frequently interrupted alternative power sources, poorly trained cold chain personnel, and inefficient management procedures.

Pharmacophoric analogs of Savolitinib reveal promising inhibitors of the c-MET receptor tyrosine kinase for drug discovery: in silico investigation.

The c-MET receptor tyrosine kinase has become a key focus for therapeutic intervention in various cancer types due to its crucial role in driving cancer progression and metastasis. While Savolitinib, a specific inhibitor of c-MET, has demonstrated promise in clinical trials, its limited availability within the body and the risk of developing resistance have prompted a quest for alternative inhibitors. In this research endeavor, we downloaded and screened a range of pharmacophoric analogs inspired by Savolitinib to explore new avenues for inhibiting c-MET.

Antimicrobial resistance in : One Health perspective on global food safety challenges.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in is a major concern in terms of human health, environmental sustainability, and global food security. , the world's most prevalent foodborne pathogen, has gradually gained resistance to important drugs, complicating treatment efforts and leading to rising morbidity, mortality, and economic costs. Overuse of antibiotics in human medicine and agriculture, inadequate regulatory compliance, and environmental pollution from agricultural runoff and treated sewage all contribute to the growth and spread of AMR in .

Mechanistic insight and in-vitro validation of ampicillin/scoparone-functionalized ZnO nanoparticles as antioxidant, and antimicrobial therapeutics against antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to the global health sector. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized with aqueous crude extract of Azadirachta indica, and the phytochemical compositions determined using Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). They were further characterized using advanced spectroscopes and microscopes.

Indoor radon and thoron in dwellings and workplaces across three contiguous geological formations in Southwest Nigeria.

The first regional survey of concurrent indoor radon and thoron measurements in Southwestern Nigeria was organized using the passive radon-thoron discriminative detectors RADUET. The measurements were carried out in various dwellings and workplaces across three geological formations within the Southwestern Nigeria basin, which consists of recent sediments in Akoka (Lagos State), cretaceous sediments known as Abeokuta formation in Ilishan (Ogun State), and basements in Alabata (Abeokuta, Ogun State). Both radon and thoron concentrations at 193 sites showed log-normal distributions, with significantly (p < 0.

Antimicrobial resistance and virulence gene profiles of Escherichia coli isolated from poultry farms using One Health perspective in Abeokuta, Nigeria.

Background: Antimicrobial resistant Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) includes uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), the causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTI), neonatal meningitis E. coli (NMEC), implicated in neonatal meningitis in humans, and avian pathogenic E.

Protective role of nigella sativa oil and vitamins C and E against aflatoxin M-induced hematology and hepatic toxicity in neonatal rats.

This study explores the protective efficacy of Nigella sativa oil (NSO), Vitamin C, and E in countering the toxic effects of Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in neonatal Wistar rats. A total of 117 neonatal rats were randomized into 13 groups (A-M) and observed over 12 weeks. Group A served as the control, while the remaining groups were exposed to varying concentrations of AFM1, either alone or in combination with the supplements.

Bioremediation of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) from dumpsite soils using the composts of Jatropha curcas and Ficus exasperata.

Soil pollution by potentially toxic metals (PTMs) poses a major environmental and public health challenge in developing countries, particularly due to inadequate waste management practices at urban dumpsites. These PTMs persist in the environment, accumulate in the food chain, and threaten ecosystem integrity and human health. Despite the growing concern, sustainable and affordable remediation strategies remain underexplored.

Enhanced Remediation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil Through Fungal Delignification Strategy and Organic Waste Amendment: A Review.

Nutrient-limited soils from growing global contamination with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the massive organic waste generation from agro-based and food industries have raised more demand for exploring and recycling the latter as sustainable, cost-effective, and green nutrient-rich sources for soil amendment. To further enhanced the potentials of these substrates in soil, immobilisation or biological pre-treatment techniques using fungi are employed. The white-rot fungi- basidiomycetes, are the most widely researched and efficient organisms to perform these functions because of their high lignin-degrading ability for organic materials, such as corn cob, straws, spent brewery grains, sugarcane bagasse, etc.

Biodegradation of print-ink effluent by indigenous microbial isolates.

The discharge of untreated print-ink effluent in and around the residential and industrial areas constitutes major environmental and health hazards. Hence, a need for an adequate, effective, economical and environment-friendly treatment method. This study thus evaluates the biodegradation potential of indigenous microbial cells from an ink-effluent environment.

Collagen Peptides Ameliorate Murine Chronic Colitis: Toward the Molecular Basis for Their Enhancement of Intestinal Epithelial Defenses Against Oxidative Stress.

Collagen peptides are a promising nutraceutical therapeutic for ulcerative colitis. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of collagen peptides in a murine model of chronic colitis and in human intestinal epithelial cells. Male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to three 10-day cycles of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) (i.

The Global State of Contemporary Andrology Practice: A Comprehensive Analysis of Clinical Practice, Training Pathways, and Emerging Challenges.

Purpose: This study evaluates the current state of andrology practice worldwide, identifies challenges faced by clinicians, and explores training, certification, and research opportunities. It also seeks to redefine the qualifications necessary to be recognized as an andrologist and to propose areas for standardization and improvement.

Materials And Methods: A global, cross-sectional survey was conducted using a 48-question online questionnaire designed by international experts.

Longitudinal changes in calf circumference and health outcomes among community-dwelling older adults in southern Brazil.

Objectives: Calf circumference (CC) is considered a simple proxy for muscle mass, one of the components of sarcopenia, but its relationship to health outcomes remains underexplored. This study examined the association between longitudinal CC changes and health-related outcomes among older adults in a Southern Brazilian city.

Methods: Longitudinal study using data of the COMO VAI? study, a cohort of older adults (> 60 years), that has been followed since 2014.