Understanding brain donation decisions: Predictors of indecision and change over time from the Cleveland Alzheimer's Disease Research Center.

Introduction: Little is known about factors influencing indecision or changes in brain donation program (BDP) enrollment status among Alzheimer's disease and related dementias research participants. This study examined demographic features associated with these decisions in participants from the Cleveland Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (CADRC).

Methods: Demographics and BDP status were extracted from the CADRC database and analyzed based on initial and current BDP enrollment status.

Robotic total hip and knee arthroplasty: economic impact and workflow efficiency.

Robotic-assisted total joint arthroplasty (RA-TJA) is projected to account for 70% of all arthroplasties by 2030, yet its economic value and operational efficiency have yet to be thoroughly synthesized. While early literature emphasized technical precision, evolving payment models and implementation costs have shifted focus toward cost-effectiveness and workflow integration. To evaluate the economic and institutional viability of RA-TJA by synthesizing available evidence on capital costs, perioperative expenses, learning curves, throughput, and long-term adoption trends.

The SAGES masters program: top 10 seminal articles for laparoscopic fundoplication.

Background: As one of the eight clinical pathways of the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) Masters Program, the Foregut Pathway includes laparoscopic fundoplication as an anchoring procedure. In this article, the SAGES Foregut Committee presents focused summaries of the top 10 seminal articles selected for laparoscopic fundoplication which surgeons performing this procedure should be familiar with.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed by a research librarian using Web of Science and Google Scholar.

A phase 1 study of IO-202, an anti-LILRB4 antibody, in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia.

IO-202 is a humanized immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody with high affinity and specificity for leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B4 (LILRB4; ILT3), which is predominantly expressed in monocytes and monocytic blasts. IO-202 induces antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis in vitro and in patients with leukemia. Herein, we present the phase 1a dose escalation data of IO-202 as monotherapy and in combination with azacitidine (AZA) in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and R/R chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), and the phase 1b dose expansion data of IO-202 combined with AZA for the treatment of hypomethylating agent (HMA)-naïve CMML.

All-Cause Mortality and Gastrointestinal Adverse Effects in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes on Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists vs Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors.

Background And Aims: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are increasingly used in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D), with or without obesity. The incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) adverse effects (AEs) of GLP-1RA in T2D is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate all-cause mortality and GI AEs in T2D patients treated with GLP-1RA compared to those treated with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i).

The use of PARP inhibitors as maintenance therapy in ovarian carcinosarcoma: A case series.

Objective: Carcinosarcoma an aggressive subtype of ovarian cancer. While treatment consists primarily of cytoreductive surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy, maintenance therapy can also be considered. Limited data exists on the use of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in ovarian carcinosarcoma, though this has been anecdotally successful among a small number of patients.

Post-recurrence Survival After Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: Mortality after liver transplantation (LT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is mainly driven by HCC recurrence. We sought to determine whether post-recurrence survival (PRS) has improved during the last 2 decades.

Methods: Using the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, we included all patients who underwent LT for HCC between 2003 and 2020 and experienced HCC recurrence.

Intracranial calcifications in congenital viral infections: mechanisms and cellular roles.

Intracranial calcifications (ICCs) are a characteristic neuropathological feature of several congenital viral infections, including Zika virus (ZIKV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). These lesions are linked to severe neurodevelopmental outcomes, such as microcephaly, epilepsy, and cognitive deficits, yet the mechanisms underlying their formation and resolution remain unclear. ICCs are thought to arise from an imbalance in osteogenic and osteolytic signaling in the developing brain.

The surgical burden score: a novel continuous metric to predict postoperative complications after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: No validated model incorporates surgical parameters for complication risk in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) resection. We evaluated a novel Surgical Burden Score (SBS), integrating adjusted blood loss (aBL; mL/kg) and operative time (hours) via a Pythagorean formula, and developed an SBS-based model to predict complications.

Methods: Patients undergoing curative-intent hepatectomy for HCC(2000-2023) were identified from an international database.

Complicated Lipomatous Hypertrophy of the Interatrial Septum: Multimodality Imaging in Diagnosis and Management.

Background: Lipomatous hypertrophy of the interatrial septum (LHIS) is a benign cardiac lesion characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the interatrial septum, often sparing the fossa ovalis. Although typically asymptomatic, severe cases may lead to hemodynamic compromise.

Cases Summary: We report 2 cases of exuberant symptomatic LHIS requiring surgical intervention.

Enhancing Early Detection of Pancreatic Cancer in Genetically Predisposed Individuals: Integrating Advanced Imaging Modalities with Emerging Biomarkers and Liquid Biopsy.

Purpose: Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies, with a five-year survival rate rarely exceeding 10%. Due to its asymptomatic onset, it is frequently diagnosed at an advanced and often inoperable stage. This review assesses current strategies for early detection, including genomic testing, advanced imaging technologies, and biomarker-based platforms, with a focus on their clinical utility and integration into surveillance protocols.

Analysis of TERT association with clinical outcome in meningiomas: a multi-institutional cohort study.

Background: TERT promoter mutation is a rare biomarker in meningiomas associated with aberrant TERT expression and reduced progression-free survival. Although high TERT expression is characteristic of tumours with TERT promoter mutations, it has also been observed in tumours with wildtype TERT promoters. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and prognostic association of TERT expression in meningiomas.

Iliofemoral endarterectomy and stenting improves mid-term patency for advanced aortoiliac disease with concomitant common femoral disease.

ObjectiveCombined iliofemoral endarterectomy and iliac stenting (IFE + S) is a proven surgical approach for TransAtlantic Inter-society Consensus (TASC) C and D aortoiliac occlusive disease (AIOD). Iliac stenting alone (ISA) may be an attractive, minimally invasive option in select cases; however, untreated moderate-to-severe common femoral disease may threaten iliac stent patency and limit symptom improvement. This study evaluates the mid-term patency rates after IFE + S versus ISA for TASC C and D AIOD as well as the rate of interval femoral endarterectomies in those who underwent ISA.

Influence of Type 2 Diabetes on the Effects of Tirzepatide in Patients With Heart Failure and a Preserved Ejection Fraction With Obesity: A Prespecified Stratification-Based Analysis.

Background: Incretin-based therapies are used to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity, but the presence of diabetes diminishes the magnitude of weight loss produced by these drugs in people with obesity. It is not known whether this attenuated weight change is relevant to the clinical benefits of these drugs in heart failure.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to assess the influence of diabetes on the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide in the SUMMIT trial.

Preoperative NarxCare Overdose Risk Scores Greater Than 200 Are Associated with Worse 1-Year Patient-Reported Outcomes and Dissatisfaction After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Introduction: The NarxCare Overdose Risk Score (ORS) is a measure of prescription drug use with scores ranging from 0 to 999, and higher scores suggest worse prescription drug use patterns, including opioids, sedatives, and stimulants. We aimed to evaluate the association of preoperative NarxCare ORS with clinically meaningful improvements in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and satisfaction at one year.

Methods: Patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) at an academic healthcare system (November 2018 to December 2022) were included.

Accuracy of artificial intelligence in meta-analysis: A comparative study of ChatGPT 4.0 and traditional methods in data synthesis.

Background: Meta-analysis is a critical tool in evidence-based medicine, particularly in cardiology, where it synthesizes data from multiple studies to inform clinical decisions. This study explored the potential of using ChatGPT to streamline and enhance the meta-analysis process.

Aim: To investigate the potential of ChatGPT to conduct meta-analyses in interventional cardiology by comparing the results of ChatGPT-generated analyses with those of randomly selected, human-conducted meta-analyses on the same topic.

Demographics, Trends, and Cardiovascular Mortality in Kaposi Sarcoma Patients in the United States: An Analysis of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database.

Background: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a vascular neoplasm caused by human herpesvirus-8. There is a paucity of data on the cause of death in patients with KS, especially the proportion of cardiovascular mortality. This study aimed to provide annual trends, demographic analysis, and cause of death analysis of KS in the United States.

A Multicenter Study of Unplanned Hospital Readmissions after Transsphenoidal Surgery for Cushing's Disease.

Objectives: Patients undergoing surgery for Cushing's disease may be more likely to be readmitted to the hospital than other patients with pituitary disorders. We investigated rates, causes, and predictors of unplanned readmission following transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing's disease to identify areas for clinical, financial, and administrative improvements.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Statin Therapy and Portal Pressure Reduction in Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background And Aims: Portal hypertension is the principal driver of cirrhosis decompensation, leading to heightened morbidity and mortality. While non-selective beta-blockers (NSBBs) remain the standard of care, up to 45% of patients fail to achieve sufficient portal pressure reduction. Statins have gained attention as a potential therapeutic agent for portal hypertension.

Sensor Fusion Algorithm to Improve Accuracy of Robotic Superposition Testing Using 6-DOF Position Sensors.

To quantify the contributions of specific ligaments to overall joint biomechanics, the principle of superposition has been used for nearly 30 years. This principle relies on a robotic test system to move a biological joint to the same pose before and after transecting a ligament. The difference in joint forces before and after transecting the ligament is assumed to be the transected ligament's tension.