A rare case of primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma presenting with recurrent infected psoas abscess.

Introduction And Significance: Retroperitoneal mucinous adenocarcinoma is a rare malignancy, typically presenting with nonspecific symptoms leading to delay in diagnosis and treatment.

Case Presentation: A 53-year-old man patient was seen with debilitating pain in the right thigh and reduced mobility, following 1 year of recurrent psoas abscesses. The physical exam revealed a mass in the right flank and a positive psoas sign.

Role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome: an updated comprehensive review from mechanisms to clinical implications.

Modern studies have linked gut microbiota to metabolic syndrome - a condition linked to obesity, characterized by insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia. The gut microbiota, influenced by diet, plays a pivotal role in metabolic syndrome, affecting energy absorption, metabolism, and immune responses. Dysbiosis disrupts energy metabolism and immune responses contributing to metabolic endotoxemia, leading to insulin resistance and systemic inflammation.

Accuracy of artificial intelligence in meta-analysis: A comparative study of ChatGPT 4.0 and traditional methods in data synthesis.

Background: Meta-analysis is a critical tool in evidence-based medicine, particularly in cardiology, where it synthesizes data from multiple studies to inform clinical decisions. This study explored the potential of using ChatGPT to streamline and enhance the meta-analysis process.

Aim: To investigate the potential of ChatGPT to conduct meta-analyses in interventional cardiology by comparing the results of ChatGPT-generated analyses with those of randomly selected, human-conducted meta-analyses on the same topic.

Post-abdominal hysterectomy complications: hypokalemic nephropathy due to enterocutaneous fistula - a case report.

Introduction And Importance: Hypokalemic nephropathy is a rare but serious complication of enterocutaneous fistulas (ECFs), particularly following abdominal surgery. This case highlights the importance of recognizing and managing electrolyte imbalances to prevent renal dysfunction.

Case Presentation: A 57-year-old woman developed an ECF 6 days after undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy for uterine fibroids.

Improving diagnostic standards: a two-cycle clinical audit on core biopsy reports adherence to international guidelines for breast lesions.

Background: Breast cancer accounts for 24.5% of all cancer cases in women globally, with over 670 000 deaths annually. Early detection and accurate diagnosis are crucial, with breast biopsy reports being key to diagnosis and prognosis.

Outcomes in diabetic vs nondiabetic patients requiring cardiac resynchronization therapy for heart failure: A meta-analysis.

Background: Heart failure (HF) affects millions globally, causing severe symptoms and poor prognosis. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has been shown to improve heart function and quality of life in HF patients with electrical dyssynchrony, but its effectiveness in diabetic patients remains unclear due to the complexities associated with diabetes.

Objective: This study evaluates the impact of diabetes mellitus on CRT by comparing outcomes between diabetic and nondiabetic patients through a meta-analysis.

Continued Versus Interrupted Oral Anticoagulation During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: A substantial number of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) require long-term oral anticoagulants (OAC) owing to comorbidities. This study examined whether continuing oral anticoagulation periprocedurally during TAVR is as safe and effective as interrupting it.

Methods: A systematic search of the major databases was performed to identify relevant studies.

The impact of gut microbiome modulation on anthropometric indices in metabolic syndrome: an umbrella review.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex disorder characterized by a cluster of metabolic risk factors. Recent research highlights the gut microbiome's role in metabolic regulation, suggesting that modulation through probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics may provide a novel approach to managing MetS. This umbrella review aims to integrate insights from existing meta-analyses to explore how changes in gut microbiota influence key body measurement indicators in individuals with MetS.

Unveiling documentation deficiencies: a clinical audit of histopathology request forms at a tertiary care hospital.

Introduction: Accurate histopathology request forms are essential for effective diagnosis and treatment. This audit assessed the completeness of these forms at Fauji Foundation Hospital, aiming to identify and address documentation gaps.

Methods: A retrospective review of 300 histopathology request forms from January to June 2024 was conducted.

Efficacy of Leadless Ultrasound-Based Left Ventricular Endocardial Pacing for Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy: A Meta-Analysis.

Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) improves outcomes but faces challenges such as unsuccessful lead placement and suboptimal responses. The Wireless Stimulation Endocardially for CRT (WiSE-CRT) system, a novel leadless left ventricular (LV) pacing technology, uses ultrasonic energy to deliver electrical stimulation directly to the LV endocardium, potentially improving the response rates.

Heart failure and microvascular dysfunction: an in-depth review of mechanisms, diagnostic strategies, and innovative therapies.

Microvascular dysfunction (MVD) is increasingly recognized as a critical contributor to the pathogenesis of heart failure (HF), particularly in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) significantly impacts HFpEF by reducing coronary flow reserve and myocardial perfusion reserve, leading to adverse outcomes such as myocardial ischemia, diastolic dysfunction, and increased risk of major cardiovascular events, including atrial fibrillation. In HFrEF, microvascular impairment is linked to heightened oxidative stress, reduced nitric oxide production, and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, further driving disease progression and contributing to poor prognosis.

Assessment of Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Patients with Psoriasis Using Echocardiographic Coronary Flow Reserve Parameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory condition associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular diseases including coronary artery disease (CAD). This study assessed coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) in psoriasis patients using echocardiographic coronary flow parameters, controlling for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis, to fill gaps identified in previous research. A comprehensive literature search was performed using multiple electronic databases for studies on echocardiographic coronary flow parameters in patients with psoriasis.

Efficacy of Colchicine in Stroke Prevention in Patients With Cardiovascular Diseases: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Low-dose colchicine is a novel and nonstandard management approach for patients with CVDs who are at an increased risk of adverse events. However, few studies have reported the risk of stroke with colchicine, with controversial results.

Can ChatGPT 4.0 Diagnose Acute Aortic Dissection? Integrating Artificial Intelligence into Medical Diagnostics.

Acute aortic dissection (AD) is a critical condition characterized by high mortality and frequent misdiagnoses, primarily due to symptom overlap with other medical pathologies. This study explores the diagnostic utility of ChatGPT 4.0, an artificial intelligence model developed by OpenAI, in identifying acute AD from patients' presentations and general physical examination findings documented in published case reports.

Effect of chronic total occlusion of coronary arteries on cardiovascular outcomes in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has significantly advanced the treatment of severe aortic stenosis (AS), particularly in elderly patients who often have coexisting coronary artery disease (CAD). Chronic total occlusion (CTO), a severe form of CAD, may negatively impact outcomes in TAVR patients, though data are limited. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the impact of CTO on TAVR outcomes.

Complications of Mesenteric Vein Thrombosis: Heterozygous Factor V Leiden Mutation Leads to Pulmonary Embolism in a Patient With Post-Bowel Resection Surgery.

It is critical to recognize pulmonary embolism as soon as possible in patients who have gastrointestinal problems pre- and post-surgery. Even in the absence of conventional risk factors, the Factor V Leiden mutation emphasizes the importance of a thorough thrombophilia assessment. To effectively manage and prevent thrombotic episodes, prompt anticoagulant medication and genetic screening for family members are essential.

Efficacy and Safety of Cardiac Myosin Inhibitors in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic cardiac disorder characterized by structural and functional abnormalities. Current management strategies, such as medications and septal reduction therapies, have significant limitations and risks. Recently, cardiac myosin inhibitors (CMIs) like mavacamten and aficamten have shown promise as noninvasive treatment options.

Meta-Analysis on the Racial Disparity of Outcomes Following Alcohol Septal Ablation in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a prevalent cardiac condition that often leads to heart failure, exertional syncope, and sudden cardiac death. Despite the availability of various treatments for HCM, such as septal reduction therapy through surgical septal myectomy or alcohol septal ablation (ASA), disparities in access to care and treatment outcomes persist, particularly among marginalized racial and ethnic groups. These disparities underscore the importance of understanding the influence of race, ethnicity, and regional factors on the management and outcomes of HCM, necessitating a closer examination of whether access to ASA and its associated benefits is equitably distributed across diverse populations.

Safety of Non-vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants on Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: An Updated Meta-Analysis.

The existing evidence on the use of non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) surgery is inconclusive and contradictory. Likewise, major society guidelines remain ambivalent about NOAC use around the time of TAVR. The objective of our meta-analysis was to assess the efficacy of NOACs in comparison to vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in lowering complications following TAVR.

Right ventricular strain as a predictor of trastuzumab-induced chemotherapy-related cardiac dysfunction: A meta-analysis.

Introduction: The survival rates of breast cancer patients have improved drastically in the past few decades due to advancements in anti-neoplastic drugs. Trastuzumab (TZ) chemotherapy is associated with left ventricular dysfunction leading to cardiotoxicity. Two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography has demonstrated efficacy in predicting TZ-induced cardiotoxicity; however, its role in using right ventricular (RV) strain parameters remains unclear.