Impaired sexual delay discounting as a potential mechanism in women's compulsive sexual behavior: Evidence from a mixed-gender experiment.

Background And Aims: Scientific evidence for underpinning mechanisms of Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD) is still scarce. This study explores impaired sexual delay discounting in compulsive sexual behavior (CSB) and its relationship with sexual sensation seeking (SSS) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) features in a general population sample.

Methods: Data were collected via an online survey in a German convenience sample.

Heterozygous RAB3A variants cause cerebellar ataxia by a partial loss-of-function mechanism.

RAB3A encodes a small GTP-binding protein that is abundant in brain synaptic vesicles and crucial for the release of neurotransmitters and synaptic plasticity. Here, we identified RAB3A as a candidate gene for autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia by two independent approaches: linkage in a large dominant ataxia family and, in parallel, an untargeted computational genetic association approach, analysing the 100 000 Genomes Project datasets. To validate the role of RAB3A in ataxia, we next screened large rare disease databases for rare heterozygous RAB3A variants in probands with ataxia features.

Tumor cells that resist neutrophil anticancer cytotoxicity acquire a prometastatic and innate immune escape phenotype.

In the tumor host, neutrophils may exhibit protumor or antitumor activity. It is hypothesized that in response to host-derived or therapy-induced factors, neutrophils adopt diverse functional states to ultimately execute these differential functions. Here, we provide an alternative scenario in which the response of an individual tumor cell population determines the overall protumor versus antitumor outcome of neutrophil‒tumor interactions.

The causal role of male pubertal timing for the development of externalizing and internalizing traits: results from Mendelian randomization studies.

Background: Preexisting epidemiological studies suggest that early pubertal development in males is associated with externalizing (e.g. conduct problems, risky behavior, and aggression) and internalizing (e.

Neuroglia and extracellular matrix molecules.

This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the roles of astrocytes, microglia, and the extracellular matrix (ECM) in regulating neuroplasticity and maintaining brain homeostasis. Astrocytes provide essential metabolic support to neurons, regulate synapse development, support neuroplasticity mechanisms, and modulate neurotransmission. Microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, play a critical role in neuroinflammatory responses and homeostatic brain regulation by modulating synapse formation and pruning.

Digital Health Literacy and Attitudes Toward eHealth Technologies Among Patients With Cardiovascular Disease and Their Implications for Secondary Prevention: Survey Study.

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of death worldwide, leading to a significant socioeconomic burden. Although secondary prevention is a cornerstone in chronic disease management, adherence to guideline recommendations in this regard often falters, leading to suboptimal outcomes. While eHealth technologies are promising for improving treatment adherence, they also represent a new approach to secondary prevention.

Assessing changes on large cerebral arteries in CADASIL: Preliminary insights from a case-control analysis.

Introduction: Parent large brain arteries are intimately related to their offspring's small arteries. Whether the CADASIL phenotype is confined to small vessels is unclear, and the involvement of large arteries in CADASIL has not been systematically studied.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study with patients with CADASIL and randomly selected controls with acute lacunar stroke from the New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center Stroke Registry.

The Digital Media-use Effects (d-MUsE) Model: A comprehensive framework for exploring/studying functional and dysfunctional effects on adolescent wellbeing.

Background And Aims: Digital media have become a fundamental aspect of daily life for children and adolescents, influencing cognitive, emotional, and social development. The present work explores the dual nature of digital media use, identifying both positive and negative impacts on well-being and development.

Methods: A comprehensive review of existing literature was conducted to explore the interplay between digital media use and its effects on child and adolescent well-being.

Current interpretations of the I-PACE model of behavioral addictions.

Background And Aims: The Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model of behavioral addictions is used relatively often as a scientific framework to specify research hypotheses and to interpret empirical findings in behavioral addiction research. There are, however, controversial interpretations in the literature regarding some specific elements of the model, which may require a more precise definition of specific constructs and processes that are central to the I-PACE model.

Methods: This is neither a comprehensive literature review nor a proposal for a new version of the I-PACE model.

Cross-Cultural Validation of the Binge Eating Disorder Screener-7 (BEDS-7) Across 42 Countries.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Binge Eating Disorder Screener-7 (BEDS-7) across 42 countries and 26 languages, assessing its reliability and validity as a screening tool for binge-eating disorder (BED) in diverse cultural contexts. Specifically, it sought to enhance early recognition of BED symptoms in primary care settings globally, contributing to a standardized framework for assessing BED.

Method: The International Sex Survey, a cross-sectional online study, was conducted in 42 countries and 26 languages.

Presence of brain metastasis differentially impacts long-term survival after first-line therapy in melanoma depending on BRAF mutation status.

Background: Modern therapeutic strategies have significantly improved the prognosis of advanced melanoma patients. Predictive factors of therapy response include serum LDH; however, predictive markers for long-term survival are currently largely lacking.

Patients And Methods: Patients diagnosed with stage IV melanoma (AJCCv8) of cutaneous origin or unknown primary were identified from the prospective multicenter German Dermatologic Cooperative Oncology Group (DeCOG) skin cancer registry ADOREG.

Evaluation of the E-Psycho-Oncological Short-Term Intervention "By Your Side" to Reduce Cancer-Related Distress: A Pilot Study.

Objective: A large number of patients with cancer experience distress, but not all of them receive adequate psychological support. The e-psycho-oncological short-term intervention "By your Side" was developed to offer evidence-based and low-threshold support for cancer patients dealing with distress.

Methods: A longitudinal intervention pilot study was conducted from 4 March 2022 to 4 January 2023.

Eerie edibles: Realism and food neophobia predict an uncanny valley in AI-generated food images.

This study investigates whether imperfect AI-generated food images evoke an uncanny valley effect, making them appear uncannier than either unrealistic or realistic food images. It further explores whether this effect is a nonlinear function of realism. Underlying mechanisms are examined, including food disgust and food neophobia.

BDSM and masochistic sexual fantasies in women with borderline personality disorder: simply on the spectrum of "normality" or source of suffering?

Background: Increasing research has contributed to the destigmatization of sadomasochistic sexual preferences. Nevertheless, persons diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) frequently report self-harmful masochistic sexual practice under the pretext of BDSM, especially those reporting experiences of child sexual abuse (CSA). Empirical research on sexual preferences in the context of BPD is scarce, although related sexual behaviors may matter particularly regarding dysfunctional and self-harming behaviors.

Progression of biological markers in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3: analysis of longitudinal data from the ESMI cohort.

Background: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is an autosomal dominantly inherited adult-onset disease. We aimed to describe longitudinal changes in clinical and biological findings and to identify predictors for clinical progression.

Methods: We used data from participants enrolled in the ESMI cohort collected between Nov 09, 2016 and July 18, 2023.

Effects of Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Cerebellar Brain Inhibition as a Function of TMS Coil Orientation.

Introduction: Cerebellar brain inhibition (CBI) is a way to quantify the cerebellar influence on the motor cortex in humans. Studies suggest that the orientation of the transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) coil influences which motor networks are activated. This study investigated the influence of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (ctDCS) on CBI as a function of coil orientation (anterior-posterior [AP] vs.

Cerebellar hemorrhages in very preterm infants: presence, involvement of the dentate nucleus, and cerebellar hypoplasia are associated with adverse cognitive outcomes.

Objective: Impaired cognition is a frequent complication of prematurity, closely related to patients' outcomes. Imaging features of cerebellar hemorrhages (CBH) related to impaired cognition are not well studied. This study evaluated the relationship between cMRI-derived CBH characteristics and clinical risk factors for adverse cognition.

Long-Term Dynamics of CSF and Serum Neurofilament Light Chain in Adult Patients With 5q Spinal Muscular Atrophy Treated With Nusinersen.

Background And Objectives: The availability of disease-modifying therapies for 5q-associated spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) has heightened the need to identify suitable biomarkers. This study investigates neurofilament light chain (NfL) concentrations during long-term nusinersen treatment in adult SMA.

Methods: In a retrospective study of prospectively collected data, NfL concentrations in the CSF (cNfL) and serum (sNfL) were measured in patients with SMA from 8 German centers and in neurologic controls using a single-molecule array (Simoa) assay.

Sex Differences in Clinical Presentation of Women and Men Evaluated at a Comprehensive Stroke Center for Suspected Stroke.

Introduction: Understanding sex differences in the clinical presentation of patients with suspected stroke is important to reduce sex-related disparities and improve care. We aimed to characterize presenting symptoms in women and men with suspected stroke evaluated at our comprehensive stroke center.

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients with suspected stroke treated at the University Hospital Essen between January 2017 and December 2021.

Needs and Demands of e-Mental Health Interventions for Elite Athletes: User-Centered Design Approach Based on a Cross-Sectional Study.

Elite athletes experience sport-specific stressors and are at risk of developing mental health symptoms during and after their careers. E-Mental health interventions may pioneer a new approach to health care, which could help overcome barriers regarding its accessibility for elite athletes. This study aims to examine the needs and demands regarding the design and content of e-mental health interventions for elite athletes.

The cortisol awakening response in very preterm born adults compared to term born adults.

Very preterm infants are at higher risk of long-term neurodevelopmental and psychiatric impairments, including anxiety. Prematurity is also linked to altered programming of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, associated with stress-related diseases. The cortisol awakening response (CAR), marked by a rapid cortisol increase after waking, is a biomarker of HPA reactivity and is linked to psychiatric disorders.

The Pattern and Stages of Atrophy in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2: Volumetrics from ENIGMA-Ataxia.

Background: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) is a rare, inherited neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive deterioration in both motor coordination and cognitive function. Atrophy of the cerebellum, brainstem, and spinal cord are core features of SCA2; however, the evolution and pattern of whole-brain atrophy in SCA2 remain unclear.

Objective: We undertook a multisite, structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study to comprehensively characterize the neurodegeneration profile of SCA2.

Mental imagery in the context of online compulsive buying-shopping disorder: The role of pleasure and relief.

Background: The rise of e-commerce has led to an increase in online compulsive buying-shopping disorder (OCBSD), an addictive disorder potentially driven by preoccupations like mental imagery, yet their occurrence and predictors have not been thoroughly explored.

Methods: This study investigated the expression of and associations with mental imagery in women with pathological ( = 56) or non-problematic buying-shopping ( = 56) applying hierarchical regression analyses. Participants were classified based on a structured diagnostic interview, completed self-report questionnaires assessing experiences of gratification and compensation during shopping, and a 14-day end-of-day ambulatory assessment, evaluating mental imagery intensity.