Regioselective synthetic approach for key precursors of 6-arylbenzo[]phenanthridin-10-ol derivatives: a useful compound for selective chromogenic recognition of fluoride.

A regioselective synthetic strategy for 6-aryl-8,9-dihydrobenzo[]phenanthridine-10(7)-ones (4) is accomplished using a one-pot four-component reaction by fine-tuning the reaction temperature. DMSO is excellently used as a reactant-cum-solvent to introduce a carbonyl functionality regioselectively at the C-10 position of the benzophenanthridine backbone, an MCR, which is unknown yet. The elegant features of this strategy are the formation of two CC, one CN, and one CO bonds in a single step, without using a base and an activator for the oxygenation process.

Efficient Point-of-Care Detection of Uric Acid in the Human Blood Sample with an Enhanced Electrocatalytic Response Using Nanocomposites of Cobalt and Mixed-Valent Molybdenum Sulfide.

This work efficiently detects uric acid (UA) in a human blood sample using cobalt nanoparticle-immobilized mixed-valent molybdenum sulfide on the copper substrate in a point-of-care (PoC) device. The sensor electrode was fabricated by micromachining of Cu clad boards employing an engraver to generate a three-electrode system consisting of working electrode (WE), reference electrode (RE), and counter electrode (CE). The WE was subjected to physical vapor deposition of mixed-valent MoS layers by a reaction between Mo(CO) and HS at ∼200 °C using a simple setup following which CoNPs were electrochemically deposited.

"Caught in the Act" @ disruption of A-ET-E process in the recognition of F by a lamellar Eu-MOF in heterogeneous manner with logic gate construction: From protagonist idea to implementation world.

Development of cost-effective and reliable fluoride sensor for assessing water quality of natural water samples is of immense importance in developing countries as they can provide an easy platform for safeguarding human health. These sensors should be as simple as possible to be fabricated locally by layman. In this context, Eu-based MOFs provide trustable platform with bright luminescence in the visible region due to their absorbance-energy transfer-emission (A-ET-E) process.

Production of Blending Quality Bioethanol from Broken Rice: Optimization of Process Parameters and Kinetic Modeling.

The enzymatic and bio-enzymatic saccharification of waste broken rice (79.8% of starch) was successfully carried out to produce a reducible sugar solution (160 g/L). Bioethanol of concentration 71.

Transition Metal Non-Oxides as Electrocatalysts: Advantages and Challenges.

The identification of hydrogen as green fuel in the near future has stirred global realization toward a sustainable outlook and thus boosted extensive research in the field of water electrolysis focusing on the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). A huge class of compounds consisting of transition metal-based nitrides, carbides, chalcogenides, phosphides, and borides, which can be collectively termed transition metal non-oxides (TMNOs), has emerged recently as an efficient class of electrocatalysts in terms of performance and longevity when compared to transition metal oxides (TMOs). Moreover, the superiority of TMNOs over TMOs to effectively catalyze not only OERs but also HERs and ORRs renders bifunctionality and even trifunctionality in some cases and therefore can replace conventional noble metal electrocatalysts.

Strategic optimization of phase-selective thermochemically amended terra-firma originating from excavation-squander for geogenic fluoride adsorption: a combined experimental and in silico approach.

An inimitable adsorbent "FI-TM-BWCC," emanated from meta-phase-selective thermochemical modulation of excavation-squander (mine waste)-derived terra-firma (blackish white china clay, i.e., BWCC), is explored in the present work for fluoride (F) adsorption purpose.

Cobalt and iron phosphates with modulated compositions and phases as efficient electrocatalysts for alkaline seawater oxidation.

An electrocatalyst which is suitable for use in both fresh water and real seawater electrolysis is very uncommon. In this work, we have developed a series of iron-tuned cobalt phosphates and cobalt-tuned iron phosphate solid solutions as electrocatalysts exhibiting excellent OER activities not only in freshwater but also in alkaline real seawater with a faradaic efficiency of 95%.

A machine learning-based approach to determine infection status in recipients of BBV152 (Covaxin) whole-virion inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for serological surveys.

Data science has been an invaluable part of the COVID-19 pandemic response with multiple applications, ranging from tracking viral evolution to understanding the vaccine effectiveness. Asymptomatic breakthrough infections have been a major problem in assessing vaccine effectiveness in populations globally. Serological discrimination of vaccine response from infection has so far been limited to Spike protein vaccines since whole virion vaccines generate antibodies against all the viral proteins.

Unveiling of a smartphone-mediated ratiometric chemosensor towards the nanomolar level detection of lethal CN: combined experimental and theoretical validation with the proposition of a molecular logic circuitry.

A promising naphthalene-functionalized ratiometric chemosensor ()-1-((naphthalen-5-yl) methylene)-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) hydrazine (DNMH) is unveiled in the present work. DNMH demonstrates brisk discernible colorimetric response from yellow to red in the presence of CN, a lethal environmental contaminant, in a near-perfect aqueous medium with a LOD of 278 nM. The "key role marker" controlling the electrochemical and non-covalent H-bonding interaction between DNMH and CN is through the commendable role of acidic -NH functionalities.

A Ni(II) Metal-Organic Framework with Mixed Carboxylate and Bipyridine Ligands for Ultrafast and Selective Sensing of Explosives and Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Evolution.

We report a (nickel metal-organic framework), , synthesized by using two linkers 5-sulfoisophthalic acid (SIP) and 4,4'-bipyridine (BPY) simultaneously. It displays an orthorhombic crystal system with the 2 space group: = 31.425 Å, = 19.

Ion-dipole interaction for selective detection of acetone by perovskite BiFeO chemi-resistive sensor.

Present study highlights the ion-dipole interaction mechanism in VOC sensing phenomena of sol-gel synthesized BiFeO chemi-resistive sensor using a set of polar (03) and non/less-polar (03) VOCs. The prototype can selectively detect acetone vapor with a maximum response (R) value of 100 ± 8 at an operating temperature of 350 °C. The sensor shows higher response (R: 62, R: 60) towards polar VOCs and low response value (R: 12, R: 8, R: 4) for non/less polar VOCs.

Selective recognition of ammonia and aliphatic amines by C-N fused phenazine derivative: A hydrogel based smartphone assisted 'opto-electronic nose' for food spoilage evaluation with potent anti-counterfeiting activity and a potential prostate cancer biomarker sensor.

In real day scenario, it is an urge to provide a single solution of multiple problems. In this regard, herein rapid, selective and highly efficient chromo-fluorogenic detection of ammonia/aliphatic amines over aromatic amines has been investigated by means of a novel "opto-electronic nose", CN-2, synthesized in a single-step via multiple inter/intramolecular C-N fusion reactions. The in-situ generated mono-protonated CN-2 can selectively detect primary to secondary to even tertiary aliphatic amines over aromatic amines within ∼40 S with extremely low detection threshold values of 27.

Knoevenagel condensation triggered synthesis of dual-channel oxene based chemosensor: Discriminative spectrophotometric recognition of F, CN and HSO with breast cancer cell imaging, real sample analysis and molecular keypad lock applications.

A novel oxene based unusual sensory receptor (HyMa) has been synthesized via.Knoevenagel condensation triggered carbon-heteroatom (oxygen) intramolecular bond formation reaction at room temperature for discriminative detection of multi-analytes like HSO, CN & F by spectro-photometric alterations with profound selectivity with the detection limit of 38 ppb, 18 ppb & 94 ppb respectively. Examination of the sensing mechanism was exhaustively investigated through several spectroscopic means like H NMR, FT-IR, absorption and fluorescence spectra etc.

Solar parabolic dish collector for concentrated solar thermal systems: a review and recommendations.

Energy demand in the present scenario is rising to meet the increasing demands of energy usage. On the other hand, the use for renewable energy sources now becomes essential to mitigate the climate change as well as to reduce gradual depletion of fossil fuels. Among these renewable energy sources, solar energy particularly solar thermal systems have phenomenal scope in present and future research.

Amine-substituent induced highly selective and rapid "turn-on" detection of carcinogenic 1,4-dioxane from purely aqueous and vapour phase with novel post-synthetically modified d-MOFs.

Herein, an amine decorated Cd(II) metal-organic framework (MOF) with a uninodal 6-c topology was synthesized as a suitable platform for facile post-synthetic modification (PSM). The as-synthesized parent d-MOF (1) with free -NH centers, when functionalized with two different carbonyl substituents (1-naphthaldehyde and benzophenone) of varying conjugation, produces two novel luminescent MOFs (LMOFs) PSM-1 and PSM-2. The judicious incorporation of carbonyl substituents into the skeleton of 1 was rationalized ESI-MS, H-NMR, FT-IR and PXRD analyses.

Layered SnS/porous nickel foil based Schottky junction: An excellent ammonia sensor at room temperature.

In recent years, layered materials has gained immense attention in the field of gas sensing owing to their extraordinary electrical, optical and catalytic properties. Their gas sensing performance can further be improved by switching from ohmic to schottky based sensor due to exponential change of conductance in analyte environment. In most of the Schottky based gas sensor, the surface of the sensing material is covered by metal electrode which reduces the sensing performance.

Cobalt chromium vanadium layered triple hydroxides as an efficient oxygen electrocatalyst for alkaline seawater splitting.

Cobalt chromium vanadium layered triple hydroxides have been identified as a promising electrocatalyst for seawater splitting. The insertion of vanadium as a third metal into cobalt chromium layered double hydroxides not only adds extra cationic active sites but also facilitates electronic transition from Co(II) to V(V) boosting the OER activity and suppressing the CER.

An economical strategy towards the managing of selenium pollution from contaminated water: A current state-of-the-art review.

During the last few decades, contamination of selenium (Se) in groundwater has turned out to be a major environmental concern to provide safe drinking water. The content of selenium in such contaminated water might range from 400 to 700 μg/L, where bringing it down to a safe level of 40 μg/L for municipal water supply employing appropriate methodologies is a major challenge for the global researcher communities. The current review focuses mostly on the governing selenium remediation technologies such as coagulation-flocculation, electrocoagulation, bioremediation, membrane-based approaches, adsorption, electro-kinetics, chemical precipitation, and reduction methods.

A cadaveric study on the rate of strain-dependent behaviour of human anterior cruciate ligament.

Purpose: Failure of anterior cruciate ligament often occurs in young sports personnel hampering their career. Such ACL ruptures are quite prevalent in sports such as soccer during dynamic loading which occurs at more than one rate of loading. In this work, a structural constitutive equation has been used to predict the forces acting on ACL for different rates of loading.

Strategic management of nitrate pollution from contaminated water using viable adsorbents: An economic assessment-based review with possible policy suggestions.

Groundwater contaminated with nitrate has prompted a flurry of research studies around the world in the recent years to address this burning environmental issue. The common presence of nitrates in groundwater, wastewater, and surface waters has thrown an enormously critical challenge to the global research communities to provide safe and clean drinking water to municipalities. As per WHO, the maximum permissible limit of nitrate in drinking water is 10 mg/L and in groundwater is 50 mg/L; exceeding the limits, several human health problems are observed.

Investigation of Functionally Graded Adherents on Failure of Socket Joint of FRP Composite Tubes.

Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) matrix materials are quickly being investigated for application in concrete construction repair, reinforcement, and refurbishment. The technology has progressed to the point that its future acceptance is mainly reliant on the availability of established design guidelines based on recognized performance criteria, as well as the cost competitiveness of these technologies in contrast to conventional rehabilitation methods. The goal of this study is to evaluate the different functional grades of adhesives throughout bond length for bonded socket joints of laminated FRP composite pipes.

3-D printed electrode integrated sensing chip and a PoC device for enzyme free electrochemical detection of blood urea.

Herein we report a novel electrochemical sensing chip and a point-of-care device (PoC) for enzyme-free electrochemical detection of urea in human blood. The electrochemical sensing chip was developed by 3-D printing of conductive Ag ink and subsequent electrodeposition of AuNP-rGO nanocomposite. Material characterization of the sensing chip was conducted to find a plausible mechanism for the electrochemical reaction with urea.

Layer by layer assembled functionalized graphene oxide-based polymer brushes for superlubricity on steel-steel tribocontact.

This study demonstrates a simple and multistep approach for a covalent functionalization of chemically-prepared graphene oxide (GO) using branched polyethylenimine (PEI) through nucleophilic addition reaction to prepare GO-PEI. Further layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly on functionalized GO-PEI with anionic polyelectrolyte, poly(acrylic acid sodium salt) (PAA) and poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) have been undertaken to fabricate polymer brushes (PB). The physicochemical structures of GO, GO-PEI and LBL assembled PB [GO-PEI-PAA and GO-PEI-PSS] have been explored using standard spectral and morphological analysis.

Facile Detection of Blood Creatinine Using Binary Copper-Iron Oxide and rGO-Based Nanocomposite on 3D Printed Ag-Electrode under POC Settings.

Metal nanoparticles have been helpful in creatinine sensing technology under point-of-care (POC) settings because of their excellent electrocatalyst properties. However, the behavior of monometallic nanoparticles as electrochemical creatinine sensors showed limitations concerning the current density in the mA/cm range and wide detection window, which are essential parameters for the development of a sensor for POC applications. Herein, we report a new sensor, a reduced graphene oxide stabilized binary copper-iron oxide-based nanocomposite on a 3D printed Ag-electrode (Fe-Cu-rGO@Ag) for detecting a wide range of blood creatinine (0.

Trace-Level Humidity Sensing from Commercial Organic Solvents and Food Products by an AIE/ESIPT-Triggered Piezochromic Luminogen and ppb-Level "OFF-ON-OFF" Sensing of Cu: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Outcome.

Selective and sensitive moisture sensors have attracted immense attention due to their ability to monitor the humidity content in industrial solvents, food products, ., for regulating industrial safety management. Herein, a hydroxy naphthaldehyde-based piezochromic luminogen, namely, 1-{[(2-hydroxyphenyl)imino]methyl}naphthalen-2-ol (), has been synthesized and its photophysical and molecular sensing properties have been investigated by means of various spectroscopic tools.