Enhanced Energized Dispersive-Guided Extraction Using Doehlert Matrix Optimization and Antioxidant Evaluation of Phenolic Compounds From Herbal Leaves by Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography.

Secondary metabolites are important bioactive compounds for diet and medicine. This study optimizes the extraction of hydroethanolic herbal extracts using an EDGE (Energized Dispersive Guided Extraction) system, evaluates their antioxidant capacity, and analyzes correlations among antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, and individual compounds. A Doehlert matrix design was used to optimize extraction, having temperature and time as independent variables, and total phenolic content (mg GAE/g) as the response, quantified via the Folin-Ciocalteu method.

Prevalence of biofilm in chronic wounds: systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: To estimate the prevalence of biofilms in chronic wounds.

Methods: The authors performed a systematic review of prevalence studies and meta-analysis, structured according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Articles were searched in Scopus (Elsevier), Web of Science (Clarivate), MEDLINE/PubMed (National Institutes of Health), and Embase (Elsevier) databases.

The trial design of the concurrent optical and magnetic stimulation (COMS) therapy study for refractory diabetic foot ulcers (MAVERICKS): a multicenter, randomized, sham-controlled, double-blind investigational device exemption clinical study.

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a major clinical challenge, particularly among patients with refractory ulcers, that often lead to severe complications such as infection, amputation, and high mortality. Innovations supported by strong clinical evidence have the potential to improve healing outcomes, enhance quality of life, and reduce the economic burden on individuals and health care systems.

Objective: To describe the design of the concurrent optical and magnetic stimulation (COMS) therapy Investigational Device Exemption (IDE) study for refractory DFUs (MAVERICKS) trial.

Statins as Antifungal Agents: A Review on Drug Repurposing and Nanotechnology-Driven Delivery Strategies.

This review highlights the integration of drug repurposing and nanotechnology-driven delivery strategies as innovative approaches to enhance the antifungal activity of statins against mucosal candidiasis, providing a framework for future translational research and clinical application. The rising prevalence of antifungal resistance and virulence factors of Candida albicans underscore the limitations of current therapies. Statins, commonly used as lipid-lowering agents, have emerged as attractive repurposed drug candidates due to their ability to interfere with fungal ergosterol biosynthesis and Ras-mediated signaling pathways.

A Sensitive and Comprehensive LC-MS/MS Method for the Analysis of Hallucinogens, Synthetic Cathinones, and Synthetic Cannabinoids in Urine Samples.

The laboratory analysis of new psychoactive substances and related drugs is crucial for accurate clinical and forensic diagnosis of poisonings. Given this, a new LC-MS/MS method for analyzing hallucinogens, synthetic cathinones, and synthetic cannabinoids in urine was developed. Urine samples were extracted using a liquid-liquid extraction protocol optimized via a multivariate experimental design.

Decoding Tupiperla illiesi Froehlich 1998 (Plecoptera: Gripopterygidae): Insights into Morphological Variation and Molecular Species Delimitation.

This study addresses historical uncertainties regarding morphological variation in the paraprocts of Tupiperla illiesi, a stonefly with a complex taxonomic history. We tested whether these variations represent phenotypic plasticity or distinct species using integrative taxonomy. Adult gripopterygids were collected from Estação Biológica de Boracéia utilizing Malaise and light traps.

Inflammatory gene expression profile of oral plasmablastic lymphoma.

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare and aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma with a poor prognosis and short survival rates. It is classified as a large B-cell lymphoma subtype, but carries a plasmacytic immunophenotype. Therefore, PBL has pathogenetic overlaps with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (DLBCL NOS) and plasma cell neoplasms (PCNs).

Predicting the Seasonal Dynamics of Fruit Fly Anastrepha fraterculus Populations in Apple Orchards Using Artificial Neural Networks.

The fruit fly Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the main pests in apple orchards. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are tools with good ability to predict phenomena such as the seasonal dynamics of pest populations. Thus, the objective of this work was to determine a prediction model for the seasonal dynamics of A.

Digging into the evolutionary history of the fungus-growing-ant symbiont, Escovopsis (Hypocreaceae).

Symbiotic relationships shape the evolution of organisms. Fungi in the genus Escovopsis share an evolutionary history with the fungus-growing "attine" ant system and are only found in association with these social insects. Despite this close relationship, there are key aspects of Escovopsis evolution that remain poorly understood.

An Eocene shallow water isselicrinid sea lilies from the Northern Hemisphere.

Stalked crinoids are uncommon fossils in the Cenozoic. This is particularly due to their continuous decline starting from the Late Cretaceous and gradual restriction to the deep-sea environment, which bears a fossil record bias. On the other hand, in recent times, new data have emerged documenting some relict populations of sea lilies in the shallow marine facies from the Cenozoic.

The Accommodation of Excess Charge in Binary Particle Lattices: A Many-Body Electrostatic Study.

Many binary particle lattices are fabricated from charged particles on the assumption that the resultant structure is overall charge neutral. Results presented here from calculations on nine separate particle lattice types show that when both Coulomb and many-body multipole electrostatic interactions are taken into account, a lattice can actually gain stability by accommodating a small excess charge, either positive or negative. This effect arises from an increase in stability due to charge-induced multipole interactions, which serve to counteract destabilizing interactions that arise from repulsive Coulomb forces.

Hedgehog Components Are Present in Polymorphous Adenocarcinoma of the Salivary Gland Regardless of PRKD1 Mutation and Tissue Invasion.

Purpose: Polymorphous adenocarcinoma of the salivary gland is characterized by cellular uniformity associated with a variety of morphological growth patterns, a fact that makes its diagnosis challenging. Therefore, the identification of genetic alterations and signaling pathways emerges as a tool for elucidation of the pathogenesis of this tumor and accurate differential diagnosis. The aim of this study was to assess mutations in the PRKD1 gene and in protein components of the HH pathway (SHH, IHH, SMO, and GLI-1) in cases of polymorphous adenocarcinoma of the salivary gland.

Myths, mandates, and decision-making: A qualitative exploration of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among pregnant and postpartum women in Pakistan.

Background: Among pregnant and postpartum women, decision-making for receiving the COVID-19 vaccine is influenced by vaccine safety concerns, misconceptions, shifting vaccine policies, and exclusion in the initial vaccine rollout. This caused confusion and vaccine hesitancy among many groups including pregnant and postpartum women.

Objective: The objective of this study was to understand the multilevel factors that influence vaccine decision-making among pregnant and postpartum women in Pakistan, which is crucial for improving vaccine demand among the vulnerable group-pregnant and postpartum women.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and dietary intake characteristics in children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction And Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic disease (MASLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in children and adolescents. The development of MASLD is associated with dietary habits, and dietary intake characteristics are a relevant risk factor. The aim of the present study was to analyze dietary intake characteristics in children and adolescents and study how diet varies in subjects with and without MASLD.

Association of intraoperative end-tidal CO levels with postoperative outcomes: a patient-level analysis of two randomised clinical trials.

Background: The relationship between intraoperative end-tidal CO (etCO) levels and postoperative outcomes remains unclear. We conducted a post hoc analysis of two randomised trials in adults undergoing major surgery under general anaesthesia.

Methods: We re-analysed individual participant data comparing high or low positive end-expiratory pressure with low tidal volume intraoperative ventilation using a merged database derived from two randomised trials in non-obese (PROVHILO: ISRCTN70332574) and obese (PROBESE: NCT02148692) patients.

A digital workflow combining root submergence, a definitive intermediate abutment, and a custom 3D printed healing abutment for a natural peri-implant emergence profile.

A digital workflow merging root submergence, immediate dental implant and definitive intermediate abutment placements, and custom healing abutment fabrication to enhance esthetic and biological outcomes in immediate implant procedures is described. The procedure involves a prosthetically driven plan on intraoral and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans, digital planning using a specialized software program, the creation of a surgical guide, and the digital design of custom components. A 3-dimensionally (3D) printed healing abutment was produced by following specific protocols.

Influence of titanium-base and universal abutment heights on the adaptation and fracture of screw-and-cemented-retained lithium disilicate crowns.

Purpose: This in vitro study evaluated the adaptation and fracture resistance of screw- and cement-retained implant-supported restorations using lithium disilicate crowns cemented onto titanium bases and universal abutments of different heights.

Methods: Thirty crowns were designed, milled, and divided into three groups: TBA (titanium base abutment - 4.7-mm-height and 4.

Recurrent idiopathic neuroretinitis: the role of optical coherence tomography in a challenging diagnosis.

Neuroretinitis (NR) is characterised by optic disc oedema associated with macular exudates in a star-shaped pattern. Several aetiologies of NR have been described, with cat-scratch disease being the most common. However, despite thorough investigations, one-quarter of cases are classified as idiopathic neuroretinitis (INR), in which visual prognosis is generally good.

Evaluation of in vivo target cell elimination by antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

The pivotal role of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) killing of target cells in vivo continues to be underscored by emerging research. CTLs are antigen-specific effector CD8 + T lymphocytes that serve as adaptive defenders against a myriad of threats, including viral infections, cancerous cells, and other pathogenic invaders. In vivo CTL killing assays contemplate the interaction of effector and target cells in the context of a proper microenvironment, making the analysis biologically more relevant than in vitro assays.

Methodology and evaluation of the induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a murine preclinical model of multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that is characterized by a severe and progressive demyelinating process. It is considered a neurodegenerative autoimmune disorder driven by immune cell infiltration, overproduction of cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation that leads to axonal and neuronal injury. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is the most commonly used pre-clinical model of multiple sclerosis (MS), since it resembles many aspects of the human disease.

Fingermark development on silver mirror surfaces: A comparative study between mirror chemical delamination assessment and established techniques.

Human identification and its involved science are present in the daily context of legal medicine, criminal justice, and humanitarian issues. The development of a mirror delamination method for fingermark enhancement on silver mirror substrates has resulted in an affordable and efficient alternative to obtain good-quality fingermark images for forensic investigations. However, efficiency and sensitivity comparisons between the novel method and established techniques are necessary to understand the limiting factors and practical applications.

Protocol developed by the Forensic Science Police of Santa Catarina, Brazil, for identifying wildlife animal species in seized material.

The identification of wildlife animal species using skeletal remains is of utmost importance in the fight against illegal hunting. In order to achieve assertive identification, the use of reliable and accessible techniques is mandatory. The present study evaluates radiography and maceration techniques for successful species identification of seized material in Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil.