Unravelling the optical properties and self-assembly behavior of ciprofloxacin in ionic liquid environments: probing the role of cationic residues and counter anions.

This study investigated the interaction of ciprofloxacin (CIP) with three different ionic liquids (ILs) featuring distinct cationic residues (pyrrolidinium, IL, . imidazolium, IL, with bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide as the counter anion) and counter anions bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, IL, . hexafluorophosphate, IL, with imidazolium as the cationic residue) in an aqueous environment.

Recent Advances in Antiviral Drug Delivery Strategies.

Viral infectious diseases have long posed significant challenges to public health, leading to substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recent outbreaks, including those caused by coronaviruses, have highlighted the urgent need for more effective antiviral treatments. Existing therapies, while numerous, face limitations such as drug resistance, toxicity, poor bioavailability, and non-specific targeting, which hinder their effectiveness against new and emerging viruses.

Oral Administration of Neratinib Maleate-Loaded Lipid-Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles: Optimization, Physical Characterization, and In Vivo Evaluation.

: Neratinib maleate (NM), a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is used in the treatment of breast cancer. Current oral therapy of NM suffers from low and variable bioavailability due to the solubility and permeability-related issues of the drug. To overcome the low oral bioavailability, the drug is recommended to be administered at high doses, causing severe gastrointestinal side effects leading to discontinuation of the drug therapy.

Striving towards green total factor productivity: A bibliometric and systematic literature review for future research agenda.

In response to escalating environmental challenges and the pressing need for sustainable energy solutions, policymakers are increasingly focusing on Green Total Factor Productivity (GTFP) as a vital metric for sustainable economic growth. The present study examines the role of GTFP in addressing both economic and environmental objectives by incorporating energy efficiency and pollution mitigation within productivity analysis. The study provides a comprehensive examination of GTFP, with emphasis on major determinants such as agglomeration, environmental regulation, industrial structure, and green finance.

Aggregation-induced enhanced emission (AIEE), pH sensing and selective detection of sulfuric acid of novel imidazole-based surrogates made microwave-assisted synthesis.

A novel series of imidazole derivatives (4a-d) was synthesized a microwave-assisted synthesis and whose structures were elucidated using H and C NMR, ESI-HRMS, and FT-IR spectroscopy. Photophysical characterization revealed absorption peaks around 305 nm and 327-365 nm, with strong photoluminescence (PL) emission maxima ranging between 435 and 453 nm. Aggregation-induced enhanced emission (AIEE) behavior was observed in THF/HO mixtures, where 4a-c showed maximal fluorescence at certain solvent ratios, indicating aggregate formation.

TGM6 is a helminth secretory product that mimics TGF-β binding to TGFBR2 to antagonize signaling in fibroblasts.

TGM6 is a natural antagonist of mammalian TGF-β signaling produced by the murine helminth parasite Heligmosomoides polygyrus. It differs from the previously described agonist, TGM1 (TGF-β Mimic-1), in that it lacks domains 1/2 that bind TGFBR1. It nonetheless retains TGFBR2 binding through domain 3 and potently inhibits TGF-β signaling in fibroblasts and epithelial cells, but does not inhibit TGF-β signaling in T cells, consistent with divergent domains 4/5 and an altered co-receptor binding preference.

Exploring external rarefied gas flows through the method of fundamental solutions.

The well-known Navier-Stokes-Fourier equations of fluid dynamics are, in general, not adequate for describing rarefied gas flows. Moreover, while the Stokes equations-a simplified version of the Navier-Stokes-Fourier equations-are effective in modeling slow and steady liquid flow past a sphere, they fail to yield a nontrivial solution to the problem of slow and steady liquid flow past an infinitely long cylinder (a two-dimensional problem essentially); this is referred to as Stokes' paradox. The paradox also arises when studying these problems for gases.

Inhibition of Atg7 in intestinal epithelial cells drives resistance against Citrobacter rodentium.

Autophagy, a cytoprotective mechanism in intestinal epithelial cells, plays a crucial role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Beyond its cell-autonomous effects, the significance of autophagy in these cells is increasingly acknowledged in the dynamic interplay between the microbiota and the immune response. In the context of colon cancer, intestinal epithelium disruption of autophagy has been identified as a critical factor influencing tumor development.

Reduction of hydrogen peroxide by amine-based diselenides: understanding the effect of substitutions on reactivity.

Context: Many small organoselenium compounds, such as substituted diselenides, mimic the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity by catalysing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide. In this context, the effect of substitution in di-2(N-cyclohexyl,N-(methylamino)-methyl)phenyl diselenide (CMP) on its GPx-like activity (to reduce hydrogen peroxide) has been investigated using the density functional theory. It was observed that the presence of an electron donating group as well as secondary amino group (instead of tertiary one) favoured the peroxide reduction process, which is consistent with the experimental reports.

A Conjugated Porous Organic Polymer as a Metal-Free Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Enhanced Water Splitting.

A conjugated porous organic polymer (SMCOP-4) with imine linkage and triazine functional moiety was rationally designed and synthesized by an imine condensation reaction. The π-conjugated network of SMCOP-4 facilitates electron mobility, enhancing electrochemical activity. Metal-free electrocatalyst SMCOP-4 shows superior performance for HER and OER with a low overpotential of 139 mV and 295 mV, respectively, at 10 mA cm current density and with small Tafel slopes in alkaline electrolytes.

CRISPR/Cas9 based knockout of lncRNA MALAT1 attenuates TGF-β1 induced Smad 2/3 mediated fibrosis during AKI-to-CKD transition.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant clinical issue with potential long-term consequences, as even a single episode can progress to chronic kidney disease (CKD). The AKI-to-CKD transition involves complex pathophysiology, including persistent inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) has been recognized as a potential therapeutic target for various kidney diseases, including AKI and CKD.

l-Proline catalysed synthesis and studies of novel α-cyano bis(indolyl)chalcones as potential anti-cancer agents.

A diverse range of α-cyano bis(indolyl)chalcones (21a-r) were synthesized in high yields (90-95%) through the l-proline catalysed reaction of appropriate aldehydes and 3-cyanoacetylindoles. Formation of α-cyano bis(indolyl)chalcones involves readily available starting materials, catalytic l-proline, environmentally benign and metal-free conditions. The prepared eighteen α-cyano bis(indolyl)chalcones 21a-r were screened against prostate, breast, epithelial cancer cells and found to be non-cytotoxic to normal HEK293 cells.

Diverse Fluorescent Probe Concepts for Detection and Monitoring of Reactive Oxygen Species.

World-wide research on reactive oxygen species (ROS) continues to reveal new information about the role and impact of ROS on human health and disease. ROS are generated in live cells as a byproduct of aerobic metabolism. Physiological concentrations of cellular ROS are important for signaling and homeostasis, but excessive generation of ROS causes apoptotic and necrotic cell death and various health disorders.

Fosamprenavir and Tirofiban to combat COPD and cancer: A drug repurposing strategy integrating virtual screening, MD simulation, and DFT studies.

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in different pathophysiological conditions like cancer, COPD, asthma, and inflammatory diseases. Among these MMPs, macrophage metalloelastase is one of the prime targets for COPD, and cancer. Therefore, to combat such diseases, potent novel macrophage metalloelastase inhibitors can be considered.

Artificial neural network analysis of Jeffrey hybrid nanofluid with gyrotactic microorganisms for optimizing solar thermal collector efficiency.

This article investigates solar energy storage due to the Jeffrey hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic microorganisms through a porous medium for parabolic trough solar collectors. The mechanism of thermophoresis and Brownian motion for the graphene and silver nanoparticles are also encountered in the suspension of water-based heat transfer fluid. The gyrotactic microorganisms have the ability to move in an upward direction in the nanofluid mixture, which enhances the nanoparticle stability and fluid mixing in the suspension.

A comprehensive multi-omics study reveals potential prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for colorectal cancer.

Background And Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex disease with diverse genetic alterations and causes 10 % of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Understanding its molecular mechanisms is essential for identifying potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for its effective management.

Methods: We integrated copy number alterations (CNA) and mutation data via their differentially expressed genes termed as candidate genes (CGs) computed using bioinformatics approaches.

Engineering Lattice Strain in Co-Doped NiMoO for boosting Methanol Oxidation Reaction.

Nickel-based molybdates have attracted considerable attention owing to their distinctive isomorphous structure. In this study, pristine NiMoO and Co-doped NiCoMoO were synthesized and investigated for their electrocatalytic activity in methanol oxidation and methanol-assisted water splitting reactions. Through a comprehensive exploration of the structure-property relationship, it was found that the optimal coexistence of α and β molybdate phases, induced by Co doping, led to lattice strain and facilitated the presence of essential catalytic descriptors such as higher oxidation states of Ni and surface oxygen vacancies within the lattice.

Development and experimental validation of a machine learning model for the prediction of new antimalarials.

A large set of antimalarial molecules (N ~ 15k) was employed from ChEMBL to build a robust random forest (RF) model for the prediction of antiplasmodial activity. Rather than depending on high throughput screening (HTS) data, molecules tested at multiple doses against blood stages of Plasmodium falciparum were used for model development. The open-access and code-free KNIME platform was used to develop a workflow to train the model on 80% of data (N ~ 12k).

Substituent-Driven ESIPT in Chromeno-Pyrroloquinoline Probe for Differentiating Normal and Cancer Cells.

Despite significant advancements in the structural flexibility and functional diversity of fluorescent molecular sensors, the chromophores often require complex synthetic processes and are typically designed to perform only a specific function. In this work, we have demonstrated the unique features of fluorophores based on a fused coumarin-indole scaffold, which are synthetically available via a one-step reaction. Four fluorophores (ICH, ICEst, ICOMe, and ICNMe) with varying substituents were synthesized and characterized.

Rapid detection of hydrogen peroxide and nitrite in adulterated cow milk using enzymatic and nonenzymatic methods on a reusable platform.

Cow milk is readily adulterated due to its complex properties that can emulsify many adulterants. Among the commonly used adulterants in cow milk are hydrogen peroxide (HP) and nitrite. Commercially available HP is added to extend cow milk's shelf life, while nitrite enters through the tap or pond water added to increase cow milk's volume.

Chitinase-3-like-1: a multifaceted player in neuroinflammation and degenerative pathologies with therapeutic implications.

Chitinase-3-like-1 (CHI3L1) is an evolutionarily conserved protein involved in key biological processes, including tissue remodeling, angiogenesis, and neuroinflammation. It has emerged as a significant player in various neurodegenerative diseases and brain disorders. Elevated CHI3L1 levels have been observed in neurological conditions such as traumatic brain injury (TBI), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Neuromyelitis optica (NMO), HIV-associated dementia (HAD), Cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS), and brain tumors.

Advances in CRISPR-Cas systems for kidney diseases.

Recent advances in CRISPR-Cas systems have revolutionised the study and treatment of kidney diseases, including acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetic kidney disease (DKD), lupus nephritis (LN), and polycystic kidney disease (PKD). CRISPR-Cas technology offers precise and versatile tools for genetic modification in monogenic kidney disorders such as PKD and Alport syndrome. Recent advances in CRISPR technology have also shown promise in addressing other kidney diseases like AKI, CKD, and DKD.

Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) yielding medicinally relevant rings: a recent update and chemical space analysis of the scaffolds.

In this review we have compiled multicomponent reactions (MCRs) that produce cyclic structures. We have covered articles reported since 2019 to showcase the recent advances in this area. In contrast to other available reviews on this topic, we focus specifically on MCRs with strong prospects in medicinal chemistry.

Development of a novel and affordable point-of-care kit for rapid detection of urea and glucose adulteration in cow milk.

The increasing global population has raised the demand for cow milk, leading to its adulteration with harmful substances, including urea and glucose, that cause damage to humans when consumed regularly. Hence, this study started with predicting urea and glucose toxicity using ProTox-III software, wherein the results revealed that urea belongs to class IV with an LD value of 6350 mg kg and glucose belongs to class VI with an LD value of 23 000 mg kg. Then, a qualitative colorimetric kit and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used for the preliminary detection of urea and glucose in cow milk.

Humic Acid Glazed Magnetite Material for the Adsorptive Desulfurization of Model Fuel.

Impact of climate change that stems from gaseous emissions require sustainable materials to eliminate sulfur. This study involves the modification of humic acid with magnetite nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄ NPs) by a microwave-assisted synthesis of an absorbent with reasonable pore volume and diameter for elimination of thiophenic compounds from fuel. The magnetic nano adsorbent designated FeO@HA was characterized using advanced spectroscopic techniques, while their structure and morphology were analyzed through DLS, XPS, XRD, FT-IR, TGA, FESEM-EDX, VSM, and BET-N techniques.