The association between women's decision-making roles in sanitation and mental well-being in urban Bangladesh.

Research indicates that women and girls face gender-specific stressors related to sanitation that affect their mental health, and women's decision-making agency may play a role in this relationship. This study aimed to quantitatively assess the association between women's sanitation-related decision-making - overall, within the household, and within the community - and well-being in two urban municipalities in Bangladesh. This paper is a secondary analysis of cross-sectional survey data collected from 1449 women in Meherpur and Saidpur, Bangladesh from March-April 2022.

Synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial activity and study of pyridinium based ionic liquids.

A series of twenty-one pyridinium-based ionic liquids (ILs) was synthesized and thoroughly characterized using FTIR, NMR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and melting point analysis. The ILs' antibacterial activity was assessed against and a panel of bacteria, both Gram-positive and Gram-negative. Notable antibacterial and antifungal properties were demonstrated by IL-10, IL-11, and IL-14 specifically.

Ce-doped nano-Fe-TiO composites for photocatalytic degradation of naphthol blue black in aqueous medium.

In this study, the effectiveness of Ce-doped nano-Fe-TiO composites as photocatalysts for the degradation of Naphthol Blue Black (NBB) dye present in water was investigated. Several TiO nano-photocatalysts were synthesized using the sol-gel method, including undoped TiO, TiO doped with Fe (TF), and co-doped with FeO-CeO (TFC), FeO-AgO (TFA), and FeO-CeO-AgO (TFCA). Characterizations of the synthesized catalysts were performed using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to understand their structural and morphological properties.

Attomolar Detection of HIV-1 with Label-Free RCA-rCRISPR on Smartphone.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV) remains a major global public health challenge, having led to over 42.3 million deaths since its discovery in the early 1980s. Despite progress in prevention and treatment, around 60% of people with HIV (PWH) remain undiagnosed in resource-limited regions, disproportionately affecting vulnerable populations and underserved communities across the world.

Effect of gramicidin A on the constant tension-induced rupture of giant unilamellar vesicles and the underlying mechanisms.

Gramicidin A (GrA), a well-known ionophore, plays a significant role in modifying the biophysical properties of membranes. However, its mechanism of action in influencing rupture kinetics of vesicles and the stability of membranes under constant mechanical tension remains unclear. To investigate this, giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) composed of DOPG and DOPC phospholipids, with varying molar fractions of GrA (ranging from 0 % to 5 %), were synthesized using the natural swelling method.

Dynamics of computational waveform: A study of bifurcation, chaos, and sensitivity analysis.

This study delves into the extraction of solutions for the fractional-order that describes wave circulation in space-time fractional low-pass electrical transmission (LPET) lines and Drinfel'd-Sokolov-Wilson (DSW) equations. Leveraging the Sardar-subequation scheme, by applying a simple linear fractional transformation, the model equations are transformed into an ordinary differential equation. The use of the Sardar-subequation technique produces a diverse range of traveling waveform for the governing equations.

StackGlyEmbed: prediction of N-linked glycosylation sites using protein language models.

Motivation: N-linked glycosylation is one of the most basic post-translational modifications (PTMs) where oligosaccharides covalently bond with Asparagine (N). These are found in the conserved regions like N-X-S or N-X-T where X can be any residue except Proline (P). Prediction of N-linked glycosylation sites has great importance as these PTMs play a vital role in many biological processes and functionalities.

Exploring the dynamics of a single vesicle induced by Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles using micropipette manipulation.

Magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs, Fe3O4) have gained substantial interest for different biomedical and biochemical applications. Therefore, it is important to understand the mechanism of interaction between MNPs and cell membranes. As a model for cells, giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) are used in various research studies, providing valuable insights into the behavior of lipid bilayers and their interactions with MNPs.

Quantifying features from X-ray images to assess early stage knee osteoarthritis.

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a progressive degenerative joint disease and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Manual diagnosis of KOA from X-ray images is subjective and prone to inter- and intra-observer variability, making early detection challenging. While deep learning (DL)-based models offer automation, they often require large labeled datasets, lack interpretability, and do not provide quantitative feature measurements.

Selective recovery of nanoscale copper particles from mobile phone waste printed circuit boards through acid leaching and low temperature electrowinning.

Waste printed circuit boards were collected and shredded by a shredder in the current work. Shredded boards were treated by NaOH solution to remove or loosen up the polymer coating painted on the boards. As copper was the target element in this experiment two step leaching process was adopted.

Optimal control analysis to reduce the health complexity of co-infection with COVID-19 and kidney disease.

The COVID-19 pandemic remains a serious health risk, especially with diseases like kidney disease. There is no information in the literature on co-infection of kidney disease with COVID-19. Therefore, the current study introduces a deterministic mathematical model to explore the co-infection dynamics between COVID-19 and kidney disease, intending to offer insightful guidance for effective control strategies.

GraphAge: Unleashing the power of graph neural network to decode epigenetic aging.

DNA methylation is a crucial epigenetic marker used in various clocks to predict epigenetic age. However, many existing clocks fail to account for crucial information about CpG sites and their interrelationships, such as co-methylation patterns. We present a novel approach to represent methylation data as a graph, using methylation values and relevant information about CpG sites as nodes, and relationships like co-methylation, same gene, and same chromosome as edges.

High sensitivity terahertz metamaterial sensor for trace pesticide detection.

Pesticides play a vital role in agriculture by protecting crops from pests and diseases and ensuring high yields. However, improper use poses severe risks to human health and the environment, emphasizing the need for the precise detection of pesticide residues. Methods like chromatography and biosensors are commonly used, but each has limitations in stability, selectivity, or applicability.

Advancing breast cancer prediction: Comparative analysis of ML models and deep learning-based multi-model ensembles on original and synthetic datasets.

Breast cancer is a significant global health concern with rising incidence and mortality rates. Current diagnostic methods face challenges, necessitating improved approaches. This study employs various machine learning (ML) algorithms, including KNN, SVM, ANN, RF, XGBoost, ensemble models, AutoML, and deep learning (DL) techniques, to enhance breast cancer diagnosis.

Dichotomous behavior of water in binary mixtures with a turning point between 40 and 60 °C.

Water is known for its anomalous properties; however, changes in its properties between the 40-60 °C temperature range remain poorly understood, particularly in complex aqueous systems. In this study, α-cyclodextrin, urea, poly(vinyl alcohol), and an inclusion complex of β-cyclodextrin with an ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([Cmim]PF), were found to exhibit dichotomous behavior, rather than just an anomaly or a progressive shift in water and its binary mixtures. Using temperature-dependent dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis, physicochemical measurements, and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, a sharp and additive-independent transition in hydrodynamic particle size was observed, which was centered around 50 °C.

Association between heavy menstrual bleeding and depression among women in South Asia: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: Heavy menstrual bleeding-clinically defined as excessive menstrual blood loss that interferes with physical, emotional, social, or material quality of life -adversely affects health and functional outcomes among individuals who menstruate. However, the full extent of the relationships between heavy menstrual bleeding and health outcomes remains unknown, especially in low- and middle-income countries. To begin to fill this evidence gap, we investigated associations between heavy menstrual bleeding and depression symptomology among women in South Asia.

Information Needs for Opioid Use Disorder Treatment Using Buprenorphine Product: Qualitative Analysis of Suboxone-Focused Reddit Data.

Background: Buprenorphine is a Food and Drug Administration-approved medication for opioid use disorder. However, individuals with opioid use disorder often report information needs regarding buprenorphine treatment on social media platforms such as Reddit. The field lacks a systematic approach to organizing these data and characterizing treatment information needs that may be unique and unavailable elsewhere.

Draft genome sequence of strain NGMBE-25A isolated from fecal samples of migratory birds at Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh.

We report the draft genome sequence of from migratory birds at Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh. The 6.27 Mb genome, sequenced using Illumina MiSeq, contains 5,719 coding sequences, including antibiotic resistance genes.

SPaSE: Spatially resolved pathology scores using optimal transport on spatial transcriptomics data.

Pathological events often impact tissue regions in a spatially variable manner, making it challenging to identify therapeutic targets. Spatial transcriptomics (ST) is a powerful technology to map spatially variable molecular mechanisms, yet suitable analytical methods have been lacking. We introduce spatially resolved pathology score (SPaSE), an optimal transport-based algorithm to compare ST data from diseased and control tissues.

Intermittent pneumatic compression therapy as a preventive measure for venous thromboembolism after total hip arthroplasty: A systematic review.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant and avoidable complication that may occur after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Various mechanical and chemical prophylactic measures may mitigate this elevated risk of death and functional impairment. Consequently, early prevention of VTE is essential via the identification of related risk factors.

Synthesis, characterization and mechanistic studies of an activated carbon-supported nickel (Ni/C) catalyst for the effective amidation of aldehydes.

A novel reusable activated carbon-supported nickel (Ni/C) catalyst was prepared, characterized and used as a heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of amide compounds through the amidation of aldehydes with amines. Mechanistic studies were also performed. This heterogeneous catalyst was reusable and could be employed three times without any notable degradation in its catalytic efficacy.

Leveraging transformers and explainable AI for Alzheimer's disease interpretability.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive brain ailment that causes memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes. It is quite concerning that one in nine adults over the age of 65 have AD. Currently there is almost no cure for AD except very few experimental treatments.

Integrating behavioral dynamics and allee effect in eco-epidemiological model: A comprehensive approach to disease impact.

Predator-prey models in ecology typically focus on direct predation without considering other interactions, such as hunting behaviors on qualitative impact and numerous diseases, which has led researchers to explore the intersection of ecology and mathematics, resulting in the development of mathematical models. This paper introduces a novel eco-epidemiological model that integrates the dynamics of infectious diseases within predator-prey interactions, factoring in direct predation, the roles of infected prey, and the influence of behavioral dynamics. By utilizing evolutionary game theory, this study explores the effects of cooperation and non-cooperation strategies on disease spread and population stability.

BiFeCrO nanocatalysts for sustainable solar-light-driven purification of pharmaceutical wastewater.

Pharmaceutical wastewater contamination, particularly from antibiotics, poses severe environmental and health risks due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the inefficacy of conventional treatments. In this study, BiFeCrO (BFCO) nanoparticles were synthesized the sol-gel method and investigated as a visible-light-driven photocatalyst for ciprofloxacin (CIP) and levofloxacin (LFX) degradation under solar irradiation. The structural analysis confirmed a single-phase perovskite structure with Cr incorporation, enhancing charge separation and visible-light absorption.

Associations between parental perceptions of neighbourhood environments and active travel to school: IPEN Adolescent study.

Background: Studies of correlates of active transport to and from school (ATS) focus mainly on children, have a limited conceptualisation of ATS trips, lack heterogeneity in built environments, and rarely consider effect modifiers. This study aimed to estimate associations of parent-perceived neighbourhood environment characteristics with self-reported ATS among adolescents from 14 countries, and whether associations differ by sex, city/region, and distance to school.

Methods: Observational cross-sectional design.