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Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) remains a significant cause of infectious colitis in the United States. Susceptibility to CDI is associated with perturbation of the gut microbiota, the indigenous microbes in the gastrointestinal tract. Upon colonization, the production of toxins and the ability to produce spores for environmental dissemination contribute to C difficile pathogenicity. Regulation of the virulence genes governing these processes are interconnected with C difficile metabolism and interactions with other gut microbes. This review summarizes these pathogenic aspects, with a focus on recent data illustrating additional mechanisms that modulate colonization and toxin-mediated disease during CDI development.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.idc.2025.07.001 | DOI Listing |
Antimicrob Steward Healthc Epidemiol
September 2025
National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Background: infections (CDI) increased at a large, regional hospital in New South Wales, Australia, in 2021, coinciding with an increase at hospitals Australia wide. We aimed to investigate the association between antibiotic prescribing practices and hospital-acquired CDI at the hospital to inform antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-control study for the period July 1, 2018, and June 30, 2022.
Med Lett Drugs Ther
September 2025
J Breath Res
September 2025
Shanghai Children's Hospital, 355 Luding Road, Shanghai, 200040, CHINA.
Bacterial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been investigated as non-invasive approaches for the diagnosis of infectious diseases. Here, we aimed to explore potential diagnostic markers by profiling VOCs in cultures of unique clinical Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) isolates and stool samples from pediatric patients with C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Infect Dev Ctries
August 2025
Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Phramongkutklao Hospital and Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
Introduction: Clostridioides difficile often causes hospital-acquired diarrhea, leading to unfavorable treatment outcomes. This study investigates CDI treatment outcomes and factors affecting severity and mortality at a university hospital in Thailand.
Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted from June 2019 to December 2021.
Curr Opin Infect Dis
September 2025
Department of Microbiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital.
Purpose Of Review: Diagnostic stewardship (DS) aims to optimise the use of laboratory testing to improve patient care while reducing unnecessary tests. This review examines recent evidence on DS interventions to optimise the use of resources, focusing on three key areas: reducing unnecessary testing, maximising the impact of existing tests, and avoiding the overdiagnosis of hospital-acquired infections.
Recent Findings: Multiple interventions have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing unnecessary blood and urine culture testing, including clinical decision support tools, education programs, and multidisciplinary approaches.