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Several strategies have emerged lately in response to the rapid increase in the aging population to enhance health and life span and manage aging challenges. Developing such strategies is imperative and requires an assessment of biological aging. Several aging clocks have recently been developed to measure biological aging and to assess the efficacy of longevity interventions. Biological age better reflects a person's actual age and is closely associated with health outcomes and time to mortality. Traditionally, most aging clocks assume that biological changes occur linearly over time. However, age-related changes do not necessarily follow a linear trajectory. Thus, "Deep Aging Clocks" have been developed to overcome previous clocks' limitations and better capture subtle changes that occur during aging. Here, we summarize the current deep aging clocks, including epigenetics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, microbiome, and imaging based clocks for age prediction. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI), utilizing deep learning techniques, have significantly enhanced the prediction of biological aging, and this would help improve aging clocks and accelerate efforts to reach longer and healthier lives.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2025.102889 | DOI Listing |
Clin Epigenetics
September 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Background: Work-related stress is a well-established contributor to mental health decline, particularly in the context of burnout, a state of prolonged exhaustion. Epigenetic clocks, which estimate biological age based on DNA methylation (DNAm) patterns, have been proposed as potential biomarkers of chronic stress and its impact on biological aging and health. However, their role in mediating the relationship between work-related stress, physiological stress markers, and burnout remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Aging
September 2025
Aging Biomarker Consortium (ABC), Beijing, China.
The global surge in the population of people 60 years and older, including that in China, challenges healthcare systems with rising age-related diseases. To address this demographic change, the Aging Biomarker Consortium (ABC) has launched the X-Age Project to develop a comprehensive aging evaluation system tailored to the Chinese population. Our goal is to identify robust biomarkers and construct composite aging clocks that capture biological age, defined as an individual's physiological and molecular state, across diverse Chinese cohorts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAging Cell
September 2025
Department of Epidemiology, Celia Scott Weatherhead School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
Epigenetic clocks have emerged as promising biomarkers of aging, but their responsiveness to lifestyle interventions and relevance for short-term changes in cardiometabolic health remain uncertain. In this study, we examined the associations between three epigenetic aging measures (DunedinPACE, PCPhenoAge acceleration, and PCGrimAge acceleration) and a broad panel of cardiometabolic biomarkers in 144 obese participants from the MACRO trial, a 12-month weight-loss dietary intervention comparing low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets. At pre-intervention baseline, DunedinPACE was significantly associated with several cardiometabolic biomarkers (FDR [false discovery rate] < 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmedRxiv
August 2025
Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder with a largely unknown duration and pathophysiology of the pre-diagnostic phase, especially for the common non-monogenic form.
Methods: We leveraged the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort with up to 30 years of follow-up to identify incident ALS cases across five European countries. Pre-diagnostic plasma samples from initially healthy participants underwent high-throughput proteomic profiling (7,285 protein markers, SomaScan).
Front Aging Neurosci
August 2025
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, The Second Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, China.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of computer-assisted cognitive training (CACT) on cognitive function and activities of daily living in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment. Additionally, it aimed to explore the changes in specific cognitive domains before and after treatment.
Design: The study was a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial.