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The synthesis of new 3-(trifluoromethyl)-1-1,2,4-triazoles is reported, starting from ethyl trifluoroacetimidate and Boc-protected amino acid hydrazides. The influence of elongation or branching of a linker between the hydrazide and amino group on cyclization of amidrazones is established. The scale-up of the synthesis of -butyl ((3-(trifluoromethyl)-1-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)methyl)carbamate (4a) starting with 1 mole of corresponding hydrazide and trifluoroacetonitrile was successfully demonstrated. Additionally, 4a and other derivatives were further elaborated, underlining their prospects as building-blocks for organic synthesis. In particular, 2-(trifluoromethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-]pyrazine (23) - a component in the synthesis of Fuzuloparib - was successfully obtained in good yields (56.4%). Finally, we showed that 2-(5-(aminomethyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)acetic acid hydrochloride (19) can be incorporated into short peptides using solid phase peptide synthesis, serving as a fluorinated Gly-Gly analogue for peptide F NMR studies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d5ob01080b | DOI Listing |
Biomed Chromatogr
October 2025
Department of Rehabilitation, Nan'ao People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
Chrysotobibenzyl, a bioactive ingredient from Dendrobium chrysotoxum, exhibits potent anti-tumor activity. However, its metabolic profiles remain unelucidated. This study aimed to disclose the metabolic fates of chrysotobibenzyl using human liver fractions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnim Sci J
January 2025
Department of Animal Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.
This study investigates the effects of L-carnitine on nuclear maturation and fertilization in cattle and goat oocytes. Ovaries were collected from females with poor reproductive efficiency in the tropical climate, and cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were retrieved from large antral follicles. COCs were cultured with varying concentrations of L-carnitine (0, 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWounds
August 2025
Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Giza, Egypt.
Background: Charcot foot is a debilitating complication of peripheral neuropathy and is primarily associated with diabetes, leading to structural damage, ulceration, and osteomyelitis. Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy is a promising treatment modality for wound healing and bone metabolism.
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of PEMF therapy in promoting bone growth and ulcer healing in patients with Charcot foot ulcers.
BMC Nurs
September 2025
Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research, Department Evaluation and Implementation Research in Nursing Science, University of Bremen, Grazer Straße 4, D- 28359, Bremen, Germany.
Background: School nursing is a complex clinical specialty practice that varies across different countries. Theories, models and frameworks can inform nursing practice. This scoping review aims to explore the conceptualisation and operationalisation of school nursing in theories, models and frameworks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Commun Signal
September 2025
Department of Cytology, Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, Building MA 5/52, Bochum, 44801, Germany.
Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease characterized by oxidative stress and progressive motor neuron degeneration. This study evaluates the potential neuroprotective effects of caffeine in the Wobbler mouse, an established model of ALS.
Methods: Wobbler mice received caffeine supplementation (60 mg/kg/day) via drinking water, and key parameters, including muscle strength, NAD metabolism, oxidative stress, and motor neuron morphology, were assessed at critical disease stages.