Comparison of effectiveness between two treatment methods for patients with anal fistula and their impact on serum IL-6 and SAA.

Objectives: Observation of the clinical effect of Jiedu Shengji ointment in treating anal fistula and its impact on serum interleukin-6 and serum amyloid A.

Methods: The study is a retrospective cohort study. The clinical comparative study was conducted at Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital, China, between April 2023 to March 2024, and comprised patients diagnosed with anal fistula who underwent surgery. The participants were assigned to control group A and intervention group B according to the treatment method. Control group A was treated with Vaseline gauze dressing, while intervention group B was treated with Jiedu Shengji ointment combined with Vaseline gauze. Treatment outcomes between the groups were compared. Data was analysed using SPSS 20.

Results: Of the 60 patients, 30(50%) were in group A; 20(66.6%) men and 10(33.3%) women with mean age 32.56±2.66 years (range: 22-43 years). There were 30(50%) patients in group B; 22(73.3%) men and 8(26.7%) women with mean age 32.14±2.35 years (range: 22-42 years). Total effective rate of treatment in group B was 26 (86.67%) compared to 19 (63.33%) in group A (p<0.05). After 7 and 14 days of treatment, the levels of interleukin-6 and serum amyloid A in group B were significantly better than those in group A (p<0.05). The wound bleeding score, wound healing time, and wound oedema score of group B were significantly better than those of group A (p<0.05). After treatment, the visual analogue scale and the Faecal Incontinence Severity Index scores of group B were significantly better than those of group A (p<0.05). After treatment, the levels of transforming growth factor-β and epidermal growth factor in group B were significantly better than those in group A (p<0.05).

Conclusions: Jiedu Shengji ointment demonstrated remarkable therapeutic efficacy in patients with surgical treatment for anal fistula.