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Article Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) with tunable octahedra are promising for flexible devices due to spontaneous-polarization-driven functionalities like ferroelectric memory, piezoelectric sensing and optical switches. However, achieving large spontaneous polarization and strong second harmonic generation (SHG) remains challenging for 2D HOIP ferroelectrics. Here, we report a 2D HOIP ferroelectric (4,4-difluoropiperidinium)GeBr designed by molecular fluorination. Remarkably, (4,4-difluoropiperidinium)GeBr exhibits large saturation polarization (>15 μC/cm), high Curie temperature (401 K) and the strongest SHG intensity among 2D HOIP ferroelectrics (about 6.2 times of KHPO). These properties arise from the synergy of two mechanisms: the 4s lone pair on Ge and the orientational ordering of 4,4-difluoropiperidinium cations. Moreover, (4,4-difluoropiperidinium)GeBr features eight equivalent polarization directions (the maximum number among reported 2D HOIP ferroelectrics), enabling its composite (4,4-difluoropiperidinium)GeBr@thermoplastic polyurethane device to exhibit prominent piezoelectric sensing. Our work offers a reliable route to high-performance 2D hybrid ferroelectrics and highlights their potential in flexible devices.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12368121 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-63134-6 | DOI Listing |
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