Scarf osteotomy combined with akin osteotomy for the treatment of patients with moderate hallux valgus: a retrospective study combining plantar pressure testing and gait analysis.

Background: Hallux Valgus (HV) not only results in deformities in the appearance of the foot but also induces pain and difficulties in walking, significantly affecting the quality of life of patients. This study utilises three-dimensional (3D) scanners and wearable gait sensors to precisely measure foot arch indices, plantar pressure distribution, and gait parameters, aiming to comprehensively assess the efficacy of Scarf osteotomy in conjunction with Akin osteotomy, thus providing scientific evidence for clinical treatment.

Methods: This retrospective study comprised a cohort of 60 patients diagnosed with moderate HV who underwent a Scarf osteotomy in conjunction with an Akin osteotomy during the period from December 2021 to December 2022. Data collection and follow-up evaluations were conducted both preoperatively and at the 12-month postoperative mark. The primary observational parameters included the Hallux Valgus Angle (HVA), Intermetatarsal Angle (IMA), and Distal Metatarsal Articular Angle (DMAA). Clinical assessment measures encompassed the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the Japanese Society for Surgery of the Foot (JSSF) HV scale. Additionally, foot arch parameters, gait cycle-related metrics, and plantar pressure distribution were obtained utilising 3D scanning technology and wearable sensor devices.

Results: All patients underwent a minimum follow-up period of twelve months, with an average clinical healing duration of 8.20 weeks. Postoperatively, there was a significant reduction in the VAS score, alongside a significant increase in the JSSF score. The HVA, IMA, and DMAA angles all demonstrated significant improvement. Postoperatively, the foot arch index exhibited a decline, the step deviation angle was diminished, the midstance time percentage experienced an increase, and there was an enhancement in plantar pressure distribution. Patients expressed satisfaction with both the treatment outcomes and the aesthetic results.

Conclusion: The combination of Scarf and Akin osteotomy significantly improved foot arch morphology and gait parameters in HV patients, effectively alleviating pain and enhancing walking stability.