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Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is a critical media component in cell culture, but it is also expensive and highly controversial from an animal welfare level, being of fetal blood origin. Therefore, our study aimed to develop FBS substitutes from slaughterhouse waste blood. We pooled the blood from slaughterhouse by-products (BSBPs) of three major livestock species (cattle, pigs, and chickens) and performed nutritional and hematological analyses of serum, plasma, whole blood, and cruor. Our substitutes were cultured with C2C12 cells, and the serum of each livestock species showed a cell proliferation effect. Nonetheless, the nutritional and hematological profiles of BSBPs from this study can provide basic component information for using livestock blood as a raw material for various preparations. Furthermore, the cell culture results using C2C12 cells indicate that using BSBPs can solve expensive cell culture costs and animal ethics issues by replacing FBS.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.70492 | DOI Listing |
Pestic Biochem Physiol
November 2025
Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Nongda Road 1, Furong District, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410128, PR China. Electronic address:
The genus Alternaria comprises a wide range of ubiquitous plant pathogens that affect various host plants. Certain mycoviruses can induce changes in the biological characteristics and virulence of host fungi, offering potential for biocontrol in managing fungal plant diseases. Here, we identified a mycovirus with a high degree of homology to Alternaria arborescens victorivirus 1 (AaVV1), which was previously reported from Alternaria arborescens, in the QRH strain of the heterologous host Alternaria gomphrenae.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Microbiol Biotechnol
September 2025
Environmental Diseases Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
Enterohemorrhagic (EHEC), a pathotype within the Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) group, is a major etiological agent of severe gastrointestinal illness and life-threatening sequelae, including hemolytic uremic syndrome. Although insights into EHEC pathogenesis have been gained through traditional 2D cell culture systems and animal models, these platforms are limited in their ability to recapitulate human-specific physiological responses and tissue-level interactions. Recent progress in three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems, such as spheroids, organoids, and organ-on-a-chip (OoC) technologies, has enabled more physiologically relevant models for investigating host-pathogen dynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Metab
September 2025
Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. Electronic address:
Background And Objective: Connexin43 (Cx43), encoded by Gja1, forms gap junctions between adjacent cells. In adipose tissue, it is upregulated during adipose beiging while downregulated by high-fat-diet (HFD) feeding. Adipocyte-specific Gja1 overexpression enhances adipose tissue beiging in response to mild cold stress of room temperature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
September 2025
College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China. Electronic address:
This study reported a modified hydrothermal solvent method for preparing lignin microspheres (LNSs) with controllable size and morphology by precisely regulating the reaction temperature (160-220 °C). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to evaluate the structure, morphological, and dimensional attributes of lignin microspheres, and the synthesis mechanism was discussed. The antibacterial efficacy of the hydrothermally treated lignin microspheres (HTLNSs) was evaluated through phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) culture assays, as well as by assessing nucleic acid and protein leakage, and their inhibitory effect on cell membrane permeability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Drug Deliv Rev
September 2025
J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States. Electronic address:
The human microbiome plays a critical role in health and disease. Disruptions in microbiota composition or function have been implicated not only as markers but also as drivers of diverse pathologies, creating opportunities for targeted microbiome interventions. Advancing these therapies requires experimental models that can unravel the complex, bidirectional interactions between human tissue and microbial communities.
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