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Article Abstract
Background: Formic acid poisoning is a significant toxicological emergency in India, particularly in rubber-producing states. Despite its corrosive and toxic nature, its unrestricted access contributes to frequent cases of self-harm and accidental exposure. This review synthesizes available evidence on epidemiology, clinical manifestations, management strategies, patient outcomes and forensic insights in details.
Methods: A systematic review of selected studies focusing on formic acid poisoning in India was conducted. The review followed PRISMA guidelines to ensure a structured and comprehensive approach. Studies were identified through searches in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and web of science. Data extraction focused on key variables, including patient demographics, mode of poisoning (intentional vs. accidental), clinical presentation, treatment interventions, and outcomes in the form of recovery or death.
Results: This systematic review analyzed 10 studies on rubber latex processing acid poisoning in India, highlighting epidemiology, mortality, morbidity, clinical findings, management, and autopsy findings. Poisoning was prevalent in rubber-growing regions, mainly affecting workers. Mortality ranged from 35.4% to 97.6%, with severe acidosis and organ failure as key contributors. Early dialysis improved survival, while delayed treatment led to fatal complications.
Conclusion: Formic acid poisoning remains a severe public health issue. Effective regulations, improved awareness, and early medical intervention, including airway management and dialysis, are essential for better survival outcomes. Policy changes are necessary to limit accessibility and enhance awareness among high-risk populations.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12349849 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_348_25 | DOI Listing |
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