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Whole genome characterisation of DS-1-like G8P[4] rotavirus A strains circulating in South Africa between 2009 and 2021 reveals endemic sub-lineages and evidence of radical epitope changes.
Infect Genet Evol
September 2025
Next Generation Sequencing Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Division of Virology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa. Electronic address: N
The sub-Saharan African region bears the highest burden of rotavirus-associated morbidity and mortality, with substantial genetic diversity observed in circulating strains despite vaccine introduction. The G8 genotype, originally predominant in bovine strains, has increasingly become prevalent in humans, suggesting a possible interface of animal-to-human transmission and highlighting its role in African strain diversity. In this study, we performed whole genome sequencing and evolutionary analysis of 21 archival G8P[4] strains collected through gastroenteritis surveillance in South Africa between 2009 and 2021 from children under five years of age.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: This narrative review identifies pitfalls in managing constipation in older adults and provides evidence-based recommendations to avoid them.
Methods: A selective literature search was conducted across electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library) to identify relevant publications on constipation management in older adults. Randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, evidence-based clinical practice guidelines, and selected expert consensus statements and narrative reviews were included.
Optimizing Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy in Chronic Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Primary Care.
Am J Med
September 2025
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.
Background: Despite KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) recommendations for renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi's) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i's) as first-line medications in chronic kidney disease and Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, implementation gaps persist. We aimed to identify the reasons behind these gaps and develop strategies to address them.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study examining RAASi and SGLT2i prescription patterns among chronic kidney disease and Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at an inner-city community hospital.
The impact of autoimmune comorbidities on multiple sclerosis progression: insights from a longitudinal single-center study.
J Neurol
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Department of Neurology, University Medicine Essen, Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Germany.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system. The presence of other conditions alongside MS imposes a substantial personal and socioeconomic burden. In particular, the impact of comorbid autoimmune diseases (AID) on MS outcomes remains uncertain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPublic Participation in Renaming Processes: Navigating Sir John Hawkins.
Oxf J Leg Stud
April 2025
Loughborough Law, University of Loughborough.
Debates about whether to remove, rename or 'retain and explain' monuments, buildings and street names play an important part in contemporary disputes about the construction and meaning of history. They also contribute to a significant cultural and socio-legal reassessment of Britain's colonial and slave-trading past. We explore how two local governmental legal processes dealt with renaming controversies.
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