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In this study, the effects of Clove oil (CEO) on biofilm formation of () were investigated using XTT and crystal violet staining methods. The therapeutic efficacy of CEO was studied using ICR mouse model with candida vaginitis. The potential targets and pathways of the CEO's effect against were predicted by network pharmacology. The relative gene levels of CDC42, Ste11, Hst7, CEK1, and CPH1 were evaluated by qPCR. Subsequently, the protein levels of CDC42, CEK1, and p-CEK1 were determined by Western blot. The results indicated CEO can inhibit adhesion, mycelium formation and biofilm maturation process. By regulating the related genes and proteins, the CEO can inhibit biofilm maturation process, and weaken the ability of to cause disease. For candida vaginitis ICR mouse model, CEO can lower inflammatory cytokines levels, alleviated the symptoms of vaginitis, and play a good therapeutic effect.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12337725 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/12298093.2025.2537477 | DOI Listing |
Front Glob Womens Health
August 2025
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.
Background: Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC) is a condition commonly caused by . It is the second most common infection of the female genitalia affecting many women worldwide. Studies have identified unhealthy genital care practices to be associated with the infection among women including expectant mothers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInterdiscip Perspect Infect Dis
August 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kampala International University, Ishaka, Uganda.
Mixed vaginal infection involves the simultaneous presence of at least two types of vaginitis, including bacterial vaginosis (BV) and vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), BV and (TV), or TV and VVC. This condition disrupts the vaginal milieu, resulting in significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, recurrent infections, and increased antimicrobial resistance. This study aimed to assess the mixed vaginal infections and their predictors among women with abnormal vaginal discharges attending gynecological clinics in western Uganda.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
August 2025
Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA 15261, USA.
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), caused by the commensal pathobiont affects >75% of women, marring quality of life and incurring significant health costs. Estrogen (E2) activity is tightly linked to VVC susceptibility, and preclinical models employ E2 to establish vaginal colonization. Unlike most forms of candidiasis, VVC is not considered to be a condition of immune compromise.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmSystems
September 2025
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Unlabelled: Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a very common human fungal infection. Most are successfully treated with antifungal drugs, yet ~8% lead to recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC). Vaginal and rectal populations have been previously found to be closely related in RVVC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Microbiol
August 2025
Department of Mycology and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe de la Vera Cruz, Santa Fe, Argentina.
complex species are the main cause of candidiasis. The purpose of this study was to report the prevalence and genetic diversity of complex using hyphal wall protein 1 (HWP1) gene size polymorphism, as well as the susceptibility patterns to fluconazole and voriconazole. A total of 170 yeast isolates were obtained from vulvovaginal samples, and phenotypic and proteomic identification was performed.
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