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The family with sequence similarity (FAM) is a family of genes with unknown functions and similar sequences. However, recent studies have reported that many FAM members play important roles in the onset and progression of cancer. Specifically, the expression of this type of gene is abnormal in tissues and cells of different types of cancer and is related to the prognosis of cancer patients. In addition, their expression regulates the proliferation, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and drug resistance of different types of cancer cells. Some members even show dual and contradictory effects in tumor-promoting or suppressing cancer. In this review, we summarized the role of FAM members in various solid tumors and sorted out the regulatory mechanism of FAM involved in tumor signal transduction, confirming their role as an important node in tumor signal transduction. Their potential as tumor markers and therapeutic targets was highlighted, offering new insights for cancer research.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12311104 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-03241-4 | DOI Listing |
Genome Biol
September 2025
Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany.
Background: Most RNA-seq datasets harbor genes with extreme expression levels in some samples. Such extreme outliers are usually treated as technical errors and are removed from the data before further statistical analysis. Here we focus on the patterns of such outlier gene expression to investigate whether they provide insights into the underlying biology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenome Biol
September 2025
Center for Genomic Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, , Massachusetts General Hospital Simches Research Center, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 5.238,, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
Background: Rare genetic variation provided by whole genome sequence datasets has been relatively less explored for its contributions to human traits. Meta-analysis of sequencing data offers advantages by integrating larger sample sizes from diverse cohorts, thereby increasing the likelihood of discovering novel insights into complex traits. Furthermore, emerging methods in genome-wide rare variant association testing further improve power and interpretability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEye (Lond)
September 2025
Genetics Laboratory, Metropolitan South Clinical Laboratory, Bellvitge University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
Background: Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) are a genetically heterogeneous group of conditions, with approximately 40% of cases remaining unresolved after initial genetic testing. This study aimed to assess the impact of a personalised genomic approach integrating whole-exome sequencing (WES) reanalysis, whole-genome sequencing (WGS), customised gene panels and functional assays to improve diagnostic yield in unresolved cases.
Subjects/methods: We retrospectively reviewed a cohort of 597 individuals with IRDs, including 525 probands and 72 affected relatives.
J Natl Cancer Inst
September 2025
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Purpose: Early detection of HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer (HPV+OPSCC), the most common HPV cancer in the United States, could reduce disease-related morbidity and mortality, yet currently, there are no early detection tests. Circulating tumor HPV DNA (ctHPVDNA) is a sensitive and specific biomarker for HPV+OPSCC at diagnosis. It is unknown if ctHPVDNA is detectable prior to diagnosis, and thus it's potential as an early detection test.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGene
September 2025
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China. Electronic address:
Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) pathogenesis is multi-factorial, involving synergistic interactions among genetic susceptibility, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, and environmental exposures. Notably, specific multi-generational families exhibit NPC incidence substantially exceeding both sporadic cases and general genetic susceptibility cohorts, demonstrating Mendelian inheritance patterns. This supports the hypothesis that high penetrance pathogenic variants dominate disease initiation and progression in familial NPC.
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