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Article Abstract

: stems and leaves (PNSLs) have shown limited adoption as a forage component in commercial livestock operations due to low utilization rates. : This study was designed to add 10% and 20% PNSLs in the diet of Duzang pigs. Hepatic tissues were collected to investigate the expression levels of Toll-like receptor (), , genes, and downstream cytokines within the TLR signaling pathway. : 10% and 20% PNSLs in the diet significantly up-regulated mRNA expression levels of , , , , , and , while they down-regulated , , and in Duzang pigs. No significant effects were observed on the expression of and . : Different amounts of PNSLs modulated the TLR signaling pathway mRNA expression levels in the hepatic tissues of Duzang pigs.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12294736PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes16070781DOI Listing

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: stems and leaves (PNSLs) have shown limited adoption as a forage component in commercial livestock operations due to low utilization rates. : This study was designed to add 10% and 20% PNSLs in the diet of Duzang pigs. Hepatic tissues were collected to investigate the expression levels of Toll-like receptor (), , genes, and downstream cytokines within the TLR signaling pathway.

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In order to study the distribution characteristics of intestinal microbiota and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in Duzang pigs after adding stems and leaves of to the feed, the characteristics of intestinal microbiota were explored by metagenomic sequencing, and 14 ARGs and 2 integrase genes were detected by qPCR. The results showed that the addition of stems and leaves of increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes, and in the cecum of Duzang pigs. A total of 10 ARGs and 2 integrase genes were detected in the cecal contents of pigs.

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is a Chinese medicine with a long history in which stems and leaves are the wastes of processing and have not been effectively utilized. The effects of diets containing stems and leaves on the cecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentration and microbiome of independent pigs were studied. Diets containing stems and leaves did not affect the concentration of SCFA in the cecal contents of Duzang pigs but affected the microbial composition and diversity.

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