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Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a preventable cause of developmental disabilities linked to prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are frequently observed in FASD, with a notable association between PAE and dextro-type transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA). A potential pathogenetic mechanism of d-TGA in FASD, involving retinoic acid (RA) deficiency due to the interference of ethanol with RA biosynthesis, is proposed. Further investigation is required to understand the timing and impact of alcohol exposure on congenital anomalies, particularly in the context of CHDs.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathophysiology32030035 | DOI Listing |
JMIR Res Protoc
September 2025
Center for Alcohol & Addiction Studies, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.
Background: Digital media frequently contains positive portrayals of alcohol content, which has been shown to be associated with alcohol-related cognitions and behaviors. Because youth are heavy media consumers and have access to unsupervised, repeat viewing of media content on their personal mobile devices, it is critical to understand the frequency of encountering alcohol content in adolescents' daily lives and how adolescents engage with the content.
Objective: This paper outlines the study protocol for examining adolescents' exposure to alcohol-related content in digital media within their natural environments.
Front Genet
August 2025
Department of Health and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain.
Microglial cells are key mediators of ethanol-induced neuroinflammation through the release of proinflammatory cytokines and activation of Toll-like receptors. Recently, the signaling pathway initiated by the interaction of the neurotrophic factors pleiotrophin (PTN) and midkine (MK) with receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase β/ζ (RPTPβ/ζ) has emerged as a pharmacological target in ethanol-induced neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative processes. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Chem X
August 2025
Institute of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Resources, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning 110161, China.
Ammonia accumulation in aquaculture systems affects the sensory quality of , and mechanisms linking ammonia to aroma changes remain unclear. This study investigated how ammonia exposure in aquatic environments (0, 10.47, and 41.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Biosci (Landmark Ed)
August 2025
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.
Glutamate is an important neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain. Among the receptors that glutamate interacts with is metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor 2, a Gα-coupled receptor. These receptors are primarily located on glutamatergic nerve terminals and act as presynaptic autoreceptors to produce feedback inhibition of glutamate release.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Womens Health (Larchmt)
September 2025
Center for Health Behavior & Implementation Science, RTI International, Oakland, California, USA.
Alcohol's secondhand effects include violence, financial problems, and emotional abuse. We examined mental health among adult women with a heavy drinker in their life. Using a sample of 1,503 women (13.
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