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This paper presents a permittivity measurement system for materials using an improved end-loaded cylindrical resonator. Compared with the conventional cylindrical resonator cavity, the improved resonator expands the operating frequency by opening a slit at the top of the cavity. The resonator operates at 10-25 GHz with the TE01p (p = 1-9) operating mode and has a maximum Q-factor of 5.84 × 104, which provides good frequency selectivity. The system uses the field solution method to obtain the complex permittivity of the sample by extracting the resonance parameters of the sample before and after loading. The bottom of the cavity is designed as a sample stage that can be raised and lowered vertically to facilitate sample loading. In addition, the complex permittivity measurement of thick samples was successfully implemented in this system. The viability of the system is verified by testing typical thick samples (PTFE, quartz, etc.) in the range of 10-25 GHz. The presented method is of great importance for characterizing the dielectric frequency response properties of materials over a wide frequency range.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0277650 | DOI Listing |
IEEE Photonics J
June 2025
The authors are with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
Mid-infrared spectroscopic imaging (MIRSI) enables the spatially-resolved identification of molecules and is widely used in fields ranging from biomedical diagnostics to forensics. Current MIRSI technologies measure the sample's extinction coefficient, which is only one component of the complex relative permittivity, and therefore provide incomplete molecular profiles. We propose a new framework and instrument to enable phase-sensitive that measures a sample's molecular properties at any wavelength, thus overcoming a fundamental limit on molecular specificity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolymers (Basel)
August 2025
Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto 15054-000, Brazil.
A polyelectrolyte (PE) chain in the vicinity of an oppositely charged surface can exhibit a discontinuous transition from the adsorbed to the desorbed state once the electrostatic attractive interactions are not strong enough to overcome the entropic losses caused by the PE-surface adsorption. In the context of PE-protein interactions, the heterogeneity of the charge distribution and the effects of a low dielectric permittivity underneath the surface are crucial. Studies of the combined effects of these two properties are very sparse, especially in the spherical geometry; we thus fill this gap here.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
August 2025
Saltenna Inc., 1751 Pinnacle Dr. Ste. 600, McLean, VA, 22102-4007, USA.
Electromagnetic properties of water and water interfaces in the radio frequency range have fundamental importance in such diverse fields of science and technology as physics, chemistry, life sciences and wireless communications. Despite their importance, many aspects of these properties remain controversial or unresolved, especially where it concerns water response to radio frequency electromagnetic fields inside biological matter or near biological interfaces. Here we note that in the radio frequency range water belongs to a class of electromagnetic materials in which the real part of their complex dielectric permittivity-squared approximately equals zero.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Sci
August 2025
CROMA Laboratory, Savoie Mont Blanc University - CNRS - Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble INP, Rue du Lac de la Thuile, 73373, Savoie, France.
Maturation and organic matter content are critical factors influencing the hydrocarbon generation potential and economic viability of oil shales. Accurate assessment of these parameters is essential for optimizing extraction techniques and evaluating resource quality. While previous studies have individually linked maturation and organic content to dielectric permittivity in the terahertz (THz) range, their combined influence has not yet been thoroughly investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Bioeng Biotechnol
July 2025
Laboratory of Bioengineering, Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, Riga, Latvia.
Introduction: In-line sensors, which are crucial for real-time (bio-) process monitoring, can suffer from anomalies. These signal spikes and shifts compromise process control. Due to the dynamic and non-stationary nature of bioprocess signals, addressing these issues requires specialized preprocessing.
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