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Astrocytes are key glial cells in the brain that form specialized contacts with the vascular system. Together, these interactions constitute the gliovascular unit (GVU), which is an interface between the brain and the blood crucial for the maintenance of the structure and functions of the brain. The development of the GVU is a complex process involving multiple steps and intricate interactions among astrocytes, neural cells, and vascular components. In this review, we aim to summarize the current understanding of the development of the astrocyte-vascular interface and to explore how early developmental alterations in this system may contribute to brain dysfunction.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1585340 | DOI Listing |
Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol
October 2025
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Pleural effusions (PLEF) in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), particularly in patients with isolated right heart failure, are associated with poor prognosis and increased mortality. This study investigates changes in alveolar fluid clearance (AFC) transporter expression in relation to lung fluid accumulation and PLEF formation during PAH progression, as well as the effects of terbutaline (TER) and riociguat (RIO) treatment. Using a monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) rat model, we performed a detailed molecular analysis of AFC transporter expression at different disease stages, both before and after PH development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Healthc Mater
September 2025
School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering (SBHSE), Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.
The prognosis of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains dismal, despite standard treatment regimens. A key challenge in treating GBM is the persistence of glioma stem cells (GSCs) within the perivascular niche (PVN) - a protective tumor microenvironment (TME) that is often associated with inadequate drug penetration. Current preclinical models do not capture complexity of the human TME, particularly the vasculature and niche-specific interactions that drive GBM progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Omega
September 2025
Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Doxorubicin (Dox), a conventional chemotherapeutic agent, exhibits unsatisfactory efficacy in HCC due to its poor tumor response, severe cardiotoxicity, and drug resistance. It is urgent to develop strategies to mitigate the side effects and enhance the chemosensitivity of conventional chemotherapy drugs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Med (Lausanne)
August 2025
Department of Computer Engineering, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Introduction: Accurate and timely diagnosis of central nervous system infections (CNSIs) is critical, yet current gold-standard techniques like lumbar puncture (LP) remain invasive and prone to delay. This study proposes a novel noninvasive framework integrating handcrafted radiomic features and deep learning (DL) to identify cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) alterations on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with acute CNSI.
Methods: Fifty-two patients diagnosed with acute CNSI who underwent LP and brain MRI within 48 h of hospital admission were retrospectively analyzed alongside 52 control subjects with normal neurological findings.
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol
September 2025
Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) were initially developed as glucose-lowering agents for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, robust clinical evidence has demonstrated that their therapeutic benefits extend beyond glycemic control. SGLT2i reduce hospitalization for heart failure (HF), slow the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and provide cardiorenal protection even in individuals without diabetes but with cardiovascular disease.
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