Bioactive Isobenzofuranone and Isochromenones From a Marine-Derived Fungus Penicillium sp.: Isolation, Characterization, and Inhibitory Activity Against α-Glucosidase.

Chem Biodivers

College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics of Education Ministry of China, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Hebei University, Baoding, China.

Published: July 2025


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Article Abstract

The chemical investigation of the marine-derived fungus Penicillium sp. led to the isolation of three new secondary metabolites, including one isobenzofuranone (1) and two isochromenones (2 and 3), along with five known compounds (4-8). The structures of the new compounds, including their absolute configurations, were elucidated through comprehensive nuclear magnetic resonance, optical rotatory dispersion, and electronic circular dichroism spectral analyses. The antibacterial, cytotoxic, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of all compounds was assessed. Compounds 1 (IC₅₀ = 76.4 µM), 3 (IC₅₀ = 95.4 µM), and 4 (IC₅₀ = 88.3 µM) exhibited inhibitory effects against α-glucosidase, showing comparable activity to the positive control acarbose (IC₅₀ = 67.7 µM). Molecular docking revealed that these structurally analogous compounds exhibited similar binding modes within the active site.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202501466DOI Listing

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