The Job Embeddedness Scale: A Test of Its Reliability and Validity in Chinese Perioperative Settings.

This study aimed to translate, validate, and implement the Job Embeddedness Scale (JES) in perioperative settings in Taiwan. Job embeddedness is an important determinant of predicting job turnover; however, no tool exists to measure among perioperative nurses in Taiwan. A cross-sectional research design was employed using self-administered questionnaires in this study. The JES was forward-translated through group discussions and back-translated by two bilingual translators. Six experts evaluated content validity. A total of 344 perioperative registered nurses from three medical centers were invited to assess the construct validity of the Chinese version of the Job Embeddedness Scale (C-JES), and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted. Reliability analyses were also performed. Based on CFA, our results supported a six-factor version of 31-item C-JES with goodness-of-fit indices that model fit was acceptable. The C-JES presented a high content validity with a CVI of 0.98. Additionally, the 31-item C-JES was highly correlated to the original 40-item JES (Pearson's  = 0.98). Cronbach's for the C-JES was 0.91, and test-retest reliability over a 2-week interval showed an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.82. The C-JES is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing job embeddedness among perioperative nurses in Taiwan. This study presents a concise, theoretically grounded 31-item measure that preserves the original scale's full content coverage, demonstrates a strong correlation with the 40-item version ( = 0.98), and maintains high internal consistency ( = 0.91). Its results can be applied to human resource management and policymaking and then to increase nurses' retention rates. Additionally, this scale can help in understanding different cross-cultural job embeddedness as well as explaining its relationship with nurse retention globally.