A retrospective study of the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of isolated from urine samples over a decade in South India.

Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common bacterial infections with significant health implications. This study aimed to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility (AST) patterns of isolated from urine samples over a decade (2014-2023).

Methods: The study analyzed isolates AST pattern from urine samples at a tertiary care hospital in Mysuru (Karnataka), South India using the VITEK-2 (bioMérieux, France) database.

Results: Of 73,283 urine samples, 21,362 (29.15%) showed significant bacterial growth. The most frequently isolated organism was ( = 9,211, 43.11%), followed by ( = 1,108, 5.18%) and ( = 920, 4.30%). Of the 920 isolates, 385 (41.84%) were carbapenem-resistant (CRKP). Isolation rates were higher in males ( = 229, 59.48%) than females ( = 156, 40.52%), with a statistically significant -value (<0.0001). Carbapenem resistance rose from 3.70% in 2014 to 66.13% in 2021, then declined to 38.55% in 2023. Resistance to fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and cephalosporins increased, with cephalosporin resistance exceeding 85% by 2023. These trends reflect growing drug resistance among .

Conclusion: The study reveals a significant rise in antimicrobial resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae, particularly to carbapenems and fluoroquinolones. Effective treatment requires antibiotic stewardship, strict infection control, and ongoing surveillance to maintain therapeutic options.