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Downy mildew is among the most destructive diseases affecting grape production worldwide. It severely restricts the advancement of the grape industry. The causative pathogen, , is an obligate biotrophic oomycete. Since the disease was introduced to Europe via grape cuttings in the 1870s, downy mildew has spread globally, resulting in devastating economic consequences. We review the current knowledge on the causative agent of grape downy mildew, its pathogenic mechanism, and control measures. Finally, we provide recommendations for developing more cost-effective strategies involving resistance genes and biocontrol agents to control grape downy mildew.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13061279 | DOI Listing |
Front Plant Sci
August 2025
Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal.
Introduction: Grapevine is highly susceptible to fungal diseases such as downy mildew and powdery mildew, which are traditionally managed through the intensive use of chemical fungicides. However, in the context of increasingly sustainable viticulture, biofungicides derived from plant and yeast extracts are gaining attention. Despite this, their impact on the grapevine leaf microbiome, crucial for plant health and disease resilience, remains underexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Fungi (Basel)
August 2025
Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290000, Israel.
Downy mildew, caused by the oomycete , is the most destructive foliar disease of cucumbers. While partially resistant slicer cultivars (with spined fruits) are commercially available, no resistant Beit Alpha cultivars (characterized by smooth, dark green fruit) have been developed to date. Here, we report the successful breeding of downy mildew-resistant Beit Alpha cucumber lines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Dis
August 2025
Tel-Hai Academic College, Northern Agriculture Research & Development, Upper Galilee, North District, Israel;
Vitis vinifera grapevines are susceptible to downy and powdery mildews, requiring 4-10 chemical treatments per season in Israel. Resistant grape varieties offer an alternative. Hybrid varieties developed by the Weinbauinstitut Freiburg were introduced in Israel for disease resistance evaluation in different climatic regions through an understanding of the resistance mechanism based on secondary metabolite profiles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Plant Pathol
August 2025
Molecular Plant and Microbial Biosciences Research Unit, School of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Worcester, UK.
Downy mildew (DM) diseases are caused by destructive obligate pathogens with limited control options, posing a significant threat to global agriculture. RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as a promising, environmentally sustainable strategy for disease management. We evaluated the efficacy of dsRNA-mediated RNAi in suppressing key biological functions in DM pathogens of Arabidopsis thaliana, pea and lettuce: Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (Hpa), Peronospora viciae f.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlants (Basel)
August 2025
College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China.
Downy mildew caused by is an important disease in grape production, particularly in the highly susceptible, widely cultivated L. Breeding for disease resistance is an effective solution, and intraspecific crosses can yield progeny with both disease resistance and high quality. To assess the potential of intraspecific recurrent selection in (IRSV) in improving grapevine resistance to downy mildew and to analyze the pattern of disease resistance inheritance, the disease-resistant variety Ecolly was selected as one of the parents and crossed with Cabernet Sauvignon, Marselan, and Dunkelfelder, respectively, creating three reciprocal combinations, resulting in 1657 hybrid F1 progenies.
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