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Little prior attention has been paid to the use of bryophytes in the human diet as foods, cosmetics, and medicines, despite there being 23,000 species known worldwide. Some mosses and liverworts produce significant levels of terpenoids and phenolic compounds possessing characteristic odors and tastes, as well as exhibiting cytotoxic, antioxidant, muscle relaxant, anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, and many other activities. In addition, vitamin B and tocopherols, as well as prostaglandin-like highly unsaturated fatty acids are produced by these organisms. In this contribution, the distribution in bryophytes of terpenoids, aromatic compounds, and polyketides, having biological and pharmacological activity, and their possible uses as cosmetics and foods, and in drug development are discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-77795-0_1 | DOI Listing |
Endocr Rev
September 2025
Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada.
Glycerol and glycerol-3-phosphate are key metabolites at the intersection of carbohydrate, lipid and energy metabolism. Their production and usage are organismal and cell type specific. Glycerol has unique physicochemical properties enabling it to function as an osmolyte, protein structure stabilizer, antimicrobial and antifreeze agent, important to preservation of many biological functions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Sci Nutr
September 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science Hampton University Hampton Virginia USA.
Lemon balm (), a perennial herb belonging to the Lamiaceae family, is widely recognized for its medicinal properties and therapeutic benefits. This review offers a detailed exploration of the botanical features, phytochemical composition, and pharmacological uses of , highlighting key bioactive compounds such as phenolic acids (including rosmarinic and caffeic acids), flavonoids, essential oils (such as citral and citronellal), and triterpenoids (ursolic and oleanolic acids). Advanced extraction techniques, such as ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), and matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD), have greatly improved the efficiency of extraction, the preservation of bioactivity, and the sustainability of acquiring these bioactive compounds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Toxicol
September 2025
Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
The transition from traditional animal-based approaches and assessments to New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) marks a scientific revolution in regulatory toxicology, with the potential of enhancing human and environmental protection. However, implementing the effective use of NAMs in regulatory toxicology has proven to be challenging, and so far, efforts to facilitate this change frequently focus on singular technical, psychological or economic inhibitors. This article takes a system-thinking approach to these challenges, a holistic framework for describing interactive relationships between the components of a system of interest.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Pharm Biopharm
September 2025
RaDes GmbH, Schnackenburgallee 114, 22525 Hamburg, Germany. Electronic address:
Polysorbate 20 (PS20) is one of the most commonly used non-ionic surfactants in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and food products. Considered as biocompatible and non-irritating, it is further valued for its solubilising and protein stabilising properties. PS20 is manufactured through a multi-stage reaction of sorbitol with various fatty acids and ethylene oxide, resulting in a complex mixture of components with different molecular weights and polarity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCrit Rev Food Sci Nutr
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China.
Natural products have emerged as a vital source of active ingredients in medicine, food, and cosmetics due to their unique biological activities, safety profiles, and sustainability. However, most bioactive compounds in natural products are intensely bitter, limiting their use in pharmaceuticals and foods. The bitter taste attributes vary markedly among different compound classes, predominantly due to their structural characteristics.
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