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Drug development targeting CD137 has been historically fraught because of concerns over safety and efficacy. A deeper understanding of CD137 function and insights into why earlier CD137 agonists failed have set the stage for a new generation of promising CD137 therapeutics. See related article by de Bono et al., p. 3388.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-25-1089 | DOI Listing |
Front Oncol
August 2025
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become an integral part of cancer therapy, but only a minority of patients experience durable responsiveness. Response rates vary greatly and are often unpredictable, highlighting the urgent need for predictive biomarkers to guide treatment decisions.
Methods: We investigated immune- and tumor-specific expression and secretion profiles in peripheral blood and tumor samples derived from patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
Nat Commun
August 2025
Unit of Immunotherapy of Brain Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL)-therapy has received FDA approval for the treatment of advanced melanoma and shows potential for broader applications in solid tumors, including glioblastoma. In this study, tumor-reactive TILs (tr-TILs) are isolated and enriched for CD137 expression from cavitron ultrasonic aspirator (CUSA) emulsions of 161 adult patients diagnosed with diffuse gliomas. Tr-TILs are successfully expanded in 87 out of the 161 patients, reflecting an expansion rate of 54%.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Immunol
August 2025
Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
While CD20 was initially characterized as a B cell-specific marker, its expression on memory T cells has expanded our understanding of this molecule's distribution and function. Here, we identify a previously unrecognized CD20-expressing NK cell population and demonstrate its functional significance. CD56+CD20+ NK cells exhibit hallmarks of cellular activation, including elevated NKp46, CD69, and CD137 expression, enhanced proliferative capacity, and increased production of inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, GM-CSF, TNF-α, IL-10).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
August 2025
Precision Medical Center, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China.
Introduction: The gene encodes the costimulatory receptor CD137, also known as 4-1BB, which plays a critical role in sustaining effective cytotoxic T-cell responses. Variants in the gene are associated with an extremely rare autosomal recessive primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by recurrent sinopulmonary infections and EBV-induced lymphoproliferation.
Methods: We report a case siblings exhibiting EBV viremia, recurrent respiratory infections, and Burkitt lymphoma.