Inflammatory Oriented Nanospheres-Reconstructed Extracellular Matrix in Ischemic Stroke.

The prevention and treatment of postoperative complications of ischemic stroke remain significant challenges. These complications primarily result from the destruction of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and neurovascular units. In the subacute phase, chronic inflammation further aggravates brain tissue damage. To address these challenges, we propose a strategy to prevent secondary brain injury and complications by modulating immunity and ECM remodeling. To specifically target the inflammatory microenvironment within the ischemic core, we designed sulfonated chitosan liposome microspheres embedded with neutrophil membranes (MLS). These MLS inhibitors inhibited glial scar formation and promoted collagen IV expression. By effectively regulating ECM reconstruction, we aimed to create a favorable microenvironment for the remodeling of neurovascular units and neurofilaments, thereby reducing the number of secondary injuries. Additionally, the high expression of α5β1 in brain endothelial cells (bEnd.3) facilitated the formation of a mature vascular network. This finding represents a therapy for preventing and treating postoperative complications of ischemic stroke. Through modulation of immunity and ECM remodeling, this approach provides a targeted and effective solution to minimize secondary injuries and improve overall rehabilitation outcomes.