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The increasing spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A/H5 viruses poses a pandemic threat. Circulating clade 2.3.4.4b viruses have demonstrated rapid transcontinental dissemination, extensive reassortment, epizootic spread and potential sustained mammal-to-mammal transmission, signifying a heightened risk of becoming a human pathogen of high consequence. A broadly protective, future-proof vaccine against multiple clades of H5 influenza is urgently needed for pandemic preparedness. Here, we combine two novel vaccine technologies to generate a Digitally Immune Optimised and Selected H5 antigen (DIOSvax-H5) displayed multivalently on the mi3 nanocage using the SpyTag003/SpyCatcher003 conjugation system. Mice immunized with DIOSvax-H5 Homotypic Nanocages at low doses demonstrate potent, cross-clade neutralizing antibody and T cell responses against diverse H5 strains. DIOSvax-H5 Homotypic Nanocages provide a scalable vaccine candidate with the potential for pan-H5 protection against drifted or newly emergent H5 strains. This World Health Organization preferred characteristic is essential for prospective strategic stockpiling in the pre-pandemic phase.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2025.2511132 | DOI Listing |
Mol Plant Pathol
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Superinfection exclusion (SIE) is a finely tuned virus-virus interaction mechanism closely linked to the viral infection cycle. However, the mechanistic basis of SIE remains incompletely understood in plant viruses, particularly among negative-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses. In this study, we first describe the development of an efficient reverse genetics system for the plant nucleorhabdovirus Physostegia chlorotic mottle virus (PhCMoV) by codon optimisation of the large polymerase coding sequence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Infect Public Health
August 2025
Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease Research , Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; M.Sc. Program in Tropical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung
Background: Taiwan experienced a major dengue outbreak in 2023 following the relaxation of COVID-19 border controls. The contributing factors remained unclear. This study investigated potential virological, immunological, and clinical drivers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJACS Au
August 2025
Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States.
The morphology of biomolecular condensates plays a critical role in regulating intracellular organization and function by enabling both spatial and temporal control over biochemical processes. Recent studies have shown that small-molecule cosolutes can not only modulate phase separation but also influence condensate morphology. However, the mechanistic understanding of how small molecules regulate condensate structure remains limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Irritability comprises a set of behaviors that span normal:abnormal proneness to anger. When dysregulated and developmentally atypical, irritability indicates neurodevelopmental vulnerability for mental health problems. Yet, mental health risk indicators such as irritability likely present differently during specific developmental stages, especially across the crucial transition from preschool to early school age, when the presence of sustained elevated irritability predicts psychiatric disorders, increased impairment, and service use in school-age children.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArthritis Res Ther
August 2025
Division of Rheumatology, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, UC San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
Background: Cadherins (CDH), such as CDH11, are glycoprotein adhesion molecules contributing to cell-cell interactions in health and disease. CDH11 has demonstrated important functions in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). In transcriptome expression studies, we observed that Cadherin 6 (CDH6) expression was higher in RA compared to osteoarthritis (OA).
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