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Asthma is a complex, heterogeneous disease characterised by clinical phenotypes demonstrating distinct and overlapping immunological mechanisms, classified into type-2 high and type-2 low asthma endotypes. Both allergic and eosinophilic non-allergic asthma are driven through an underlying type-2 high-endotype, which can be targeted using therapeutic approaches such as allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) for allergic asthma and biologics. AIT demonstrates efficacy for the treatment of allergic asthma. Approved biologics for asthma management include using various interleukin antagonists and anti-immunoglobulin E, with Tezepelumab offering promising treatments for both type-2 high and type-2 low asthma patients. Novel therapeutic candidates, such as Itepekimab and depemokimab, have demonstrated promising results in a Phase 2 clinical trial in moderate-to-severe asthma patients.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cea.70084 | DOI Listing |
Respir Med
September 2025
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Pulmonology Unit, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Purpose: Asthma and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are two respiratory diseases that often may coexist, resulting in Alternative Overlap Syndrome (aOVS), which is still underestimated and underdiagnosed.
Objectives: This state-of-art review aims to describe the current evidence on aOVS, including its pathophysiology, clinical, functional and therapeutic implications. A secondary objective is to assess whether aOVS can be identified as a distinct endophenotype needing personalized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Sci Total Environ
September 2025
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Integrated Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA; Department of Population and Community Health, College of Public Health, The University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, For
Background: Energy burden, defined as the inability to afford residential energy consumption, is a pressing public health issue globally and in the U.S. However, its impact on asthma remains largely unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Allergy Immunol
September 2025
Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Background: Residential greenness is an important environmental factor potentially influencing the development of allergic diseases in adolescents; however, its impact remains understudied in South Korea. This study aimed to examine the association between residential greenness and allergic disease prevalence using nationally representative data.
Method: We analyzed data from 1,130,598 adolescents (7-12th grade) participating in the Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (2007-2024).
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract
September 2025
Associate Professor of Medicine, Medical Director of Clinical Asthma Research, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center. Electronic address:
Asthma and allergic diseases are heterogeneous conditions driven by complex immunological pathways, with type 2 (T2) inflammation being a key but not exclusive component. Advances in immunology have spurred interest in a breadth of mechanisms and innovative therapeutic strategies, including novel targets, extended dosing intervals, and combined-target therapies. This clinical commentary provides a critical overview of ongoing clinical trials and emerging evidence supporting the use of these therapies in asthma and other allergic conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChest
September 2025
Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand, ; Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
Background: High doses of maintenance inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in asthma may achieve only modest additional clinical benefit beyond low-to-medium doses and are associated with an increased risk of adverse systemic effects. The ICS dose-response relationship when administered as maintenance combination ICS/long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) therapy is uncertain.
Research Question: What is the ICS dose-response of maintenance ICS/LABA therapy?
Methods: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) allocating participants to >1 ICS dose category, per Global Initiative for Asthma categorization, administered in combination ICS/LABA inhalers was conducted.