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Radical-polar crossover (RPC) is a valuable mechanistic tool for revitalizing traditional radical and polar chemistries by integrating them. However, transitioning from radical to polar pathways across multiple redox events requires precise redox potential matching between the reaction components (catalysts and substrates), which inherently limits the scope of these transformations. Here, we present a cooperative catalytic platform that diverts the key RPC mechanism from outer-sphere to inner-sphere manifolds, enabling C(sp)-N coupling of redox active esters with otherwise oxidizable (hetero)arylamines. The key to success is the identification of organosulfur catalyst capable of selectively shuttling electrons between the photocatalyst and the incipient radical in preference to competing arylamine oxidation. Experimental and computational studies reveal that the tailored organosulfur catalyst plays a crucial role in steering the post-radical generation steps to guide the desired reaction trajectory for C(sp)-N bond formation. This method displays good functional group compatibility and chemoselectivity, providing an efficient route to functionally rich secondary and tertiary arylamines. The virtue of this method was further demonstrated by late-stage applications for synthesizing medically relevant nitrogen-containing compounds.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5c00352 | DOI Listing |
Sci Adv
September 2025
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health and
Ketonyl -glycosides, a vital subclass of alkyl -glycosides, play essential roles in drug discovery, biochemistry, and materials sciences. However, a practical strategy that merges bench-stable glycosyl donors with styrenes-a ubiquitous class of synthetic building blocks-remains elusive. Herein, we report a simple and general approach for synthesizing ketonyl -glycosides.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrg Lett
September 2025
Engineering Research Center of Photoenergy Utilization for Pollution Control and Carbon Reduction, State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
Structurally diverse 1,2-sulfinate-sulfonate esters are shown to be conveniently prepared through visible light-induced sulfonation and sulfinylation of difunctionalized alkenes using alcohols and NaHSO. The reactions proceed under mild conditions in the presence of photocatalysts and HCOH as an additive, exhibiting good functional group tolerance and a broad scope. Furthermore, this method is scalable and has been successfully applied to synthesize 1,2-disulfonic acid esters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Org Chem
September 2025
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
The reaction mechanism of the excited-state copper-catalyzed cascade synthesis of α,β-unsaturated-γ-lactams from aroyl chlorides, acrylamides, and -hexanol has been systematically investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The reaction consists of four elementary steps: initiation of aroyl radical formation from aroyl chlorides by the excited-state Cu-Complex; subsequent radical relay between the aroyl radical and acrylamides leading to C-C bond formation; coupling of the C-N bond through the activation of N-H bond/coordination site migration facilitated by a Cu-Complex resulting in the formation of a five-membered ring scaffold; and then the functionalization of the γ-C of lactam to introduce alkoxy or hydride groups is achieved through electrophilic substitution. The single-carbon atom insertion is realized by the radical relay and copper-catalyzed radical polar cross-coupling strategy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Sci
August 2025
Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
While the vinyl cyclopropane (VCP) scaffold exhibits unique reactivity in chemical transformations, its synthesis presents certain challenges. Herein, we report the visible-light photoredox-catalyzed radical-polar crossover cyclization (RPCC) of terminal and internal allenes with carboxylic acids, realizing the construction of functionalized vinyl cyclopropanes (VCPs) with highly chemo-, and regioselectivities under mild conditions. Moreover, this photoredox protocol exhibits good functional group tolerance, a broad substrate scope, facile scalability and easy rearrangement to give various cyclopentene units.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrg Lett
August 2025
Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India.
A photochemical method enables sequential difluoromethylation and distal Smiles rearrangement at positions C11 and C6 of unactivated alkenes through 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer. This C(sp)-H activation bypasses proximity constraints, allowing the selective and efficient construction of oxindole frameworks. The organophotocatalyst 4DPNIPN catalyzes the transformation and proceeds via a radical-polar crossover mechanism initiated through oxidative luminescence quenching.
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