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Advancements in carbon nanotube-based FET (CNT-FET) biosensors from 2016 to 2025 have boosted their sensitivity, specificity, and rapid detection performance for biomedical purposes. This review highlights key innovations in transducer materials, functionalization strategies, and device architectures, including floating-gate CNT-FETs for detecting cancer biomarkers, infectious disease antigens, and neurodegenerative disease markers. Novel approaches, such as dual-microfluidic field-effect biosensor (dual-MFB) structures and carboxylated graphene quantum dot (cGQD) coupling, have further expanded their diagnostic potential. Despite significant progress, challenges in scalability, reproducibility, and long-term stability remain. Overall, this work highlights the transformative potential of CNT-FET biosensors while outlining a roadmap for translating laboratory innovations into practical, high-impact biomedical applications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios15050296 | DOI Listing |
ACS Sens
August 2025
Faculty of Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Gjøvik 2815, Norway.
We present the first dual-functional microwave electronic nose (E-nose) that enables wireless communication, VOC mixture detection, and reliable concentration estimation, designed for seamless integration with wireless sensor networks. The proposed E-nose features multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system functionalized with molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) and multiwalled carbon nanotube-based sensing materials for the selective detection of individual or mixed volatile organic compounds (VOCs). We addressed several novel challenges such as managing cross-reactivity under electromagnetic interference with wideband decoupling, employing a dual-branch neural network (NN) with feature prioritization and transducer behavior insights, and optimizing sensor placement for spatial isolation in a compact design.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Pollut Res Int
August 2025
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, 407, Taiwan.
This study focuses on the synthesis of active anodes by using platinum-ruthenium and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for the electrochemical oxidation of the organic pollutant phenol. CNTs were grown on a carbon fiber (CF) as the substrate through catalytic chemical vapor deposition. Then, these CNT/CF substrates were coated with Pt, RuPt alloy, and Ru@Pt core-shell nanoparticles to produce a series of anodes such as CNT/TiNi-CF, Pt-CNT/TiNi-CF, RuPt-CNT/TiNi-CF, and Ru@Pt-CNT/TiNi-CF.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
August 2025
Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France.
Gate-tunable transmon qubits are based on quantum conductors used as weak links within hybrid Josephson junctions. These gatemons have been implemented in just a handful of systems, all relying on extended conductors, namely epitaxial semiconductors or exfoliated graphene. Here we present the coherent control of a gatemon based on a single molecule, a one-dimensional carbon nanotube, which is integrated into a circuit quantum electrodynamics architecture.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Methods
August 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of Birjand, P.O. Box 97175-615, Birjand, Iran.
This study presents a simple strategy for developing a new electrochemical sensor based on a carbon paste electrode (CPE) coated with a copper nanotube-based MOF (NT Cu-MOF/CPE) using electrochemical/chemical approaches. This enzyme-free sensor was employed for the selective determination of uric acid (UA) and xanthine (XA) biomolecules in Britton-Robinson buffer (pH 3) individually and simultaneously by differential pulse voltammetry. The electrode surface was characterized using XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, and AFM techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicromachines (Basel)
July 2025
Orthomerica Products Inc., Orlando, FL 32810, USA.
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) represent a critical global health issue, necessitating the development of advanced smart, flexible, and wearable sensors for continuous monitoring that are reimbursable within foot orthotics. This study presents the design and characterization of a pressure sensor implemented into a shoe insole to monitor diabetic wound pressures, emphasizing the need for a high sensitivity, durability under cyclic mechanical loading, and a rapid response time. This investigation focuses on the electrical and mechanical properties of carbon nanotube (CNT) composites utilizing Ecoflex and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS).
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