Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Association of E-Class AmMADS-Box Genes with Petal Malformation in L.

Int J Mol Sci

Yunnan Province Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.

Published: May 2025


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Article Abstract

Snapdragon () serves as a model system for dissecting floral morphogenesis mechanisms. Petal malformation in impacts ornamental value, but its genetic basis remains poorly understood. We compared transcriptomes of the wild-type (Am11) and a petal-malformed mutant (AmDP2) to identify 2303 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including E-class MIKC-type MADS-box genes () and (). Weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA), protein-protein interaction (PPI), qRT-PCR and virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) analyses revealed interactions between SEP2/SEP3 and C/A/B-class genes (, , ), co-regulated MADS transcription factors (MTFs) AGL15 (AmMADS16), and auxin signaling genes (, ). qRT-PCR validated upregulation of and downregulation of in AmDP2. Our results suggest that E-class MADS-box genes are associated with petal malformation through coordinated interactions with hormonal pathways. These findings provide candidate targets for further functional studies in snapdragon.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12072684PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms26094450DOI Listing

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Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Association of E-Class AmMADS-Box Genes with Petal Malformation in L.

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Yunnan Province Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.

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