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To optimize the continuous reflux extraction process of triterpenes from using an orthogonal test and to lay a foundation for its industrial application, an orthogonal experiment was carried out for optimization. The optimal conditions were obtained and verified. The continuous reflux extraction technology for triterpenes from was optimized. The vanillin-glacial acetic acid method was used to determine the content of triterpenes in . The optimal process parameters were as follows: an ethanol concentration of 80%, an extraction time of 1.5 hr, and a solid-liquid ratio of 1:26. The average extraction yield was 2.412%, with a relative standard deviation of 1.079%. Taking the inhibition rate of α-glucosidase activity as the index of evaluating hypoglycemic activity, triterpene has a significant effect on hypoglycemic activity. The optimized triterpene reflux extraction process for is feasible and stable, providing a scientific reference for the extraction of effective components from in subsequent stages. The red text indicates deleted content, and the yellow text indicates added content. In order to optimize the continuous reflux extraction process of triterpenes from through orthogonal testing and to establish a foundation for its industrial application, an orthogonal experiment was conducted for optimization purposes. The optimal conditions were determined and validated. Subsequently, the continuous reflux extraction technique for triterpenes from was optimized. The vanillin-glacial acetic acid method determined triterpene content. Optimal parameters were: ethanol concentration of 80%, extraction time of 1.5 h, and solid-liquid ratio of 1:26, with an average extraction yield of 2.412% (RSD = 1.079%). Using α-glucosidase activity inhibition rate as an index, triterpenes showed significant hypoglycemic activity. The optimized extraction process is feasible and stable, offering a scientific reference for subsequent extraction of 's effective components.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2025.2490973 | DOI Listing |
Surg Endosc
September 2025
Department of General Surgery, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Background: As one of the eight clinical pathways of the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) Masters Program, the Foregut Pathway includes laparoscopic fundoplication as an anchoring procedure. In this article, the SAGES Foregut Committee presents focused summaries of the top 10 seminal articles selected for laparoscopic fundoplication which surgeons performing this procedure should be familiar with.
Methods: A systematic literature search was performed by a research librarian using Web of Science and Google Scholar.
Gastro Hep Adv
June 2025
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
Background And Aims: Risk prediction models can identify individuals at high risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. This systematic review aimed to critically appraise the available models for projecting absolute risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma in the general population.
Methods: We searched Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for studies of risk prediction models for esophageal adenocarcinoma.
J Clin Nurs
September 2025
Nursing and Midwifery Services, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.
Aims: To describe diagnostic categories and comorbidities associated with increased risk of readmission within 28 days among older adults.
Methods: Retrospective observational study of all hospital admissions following ED attendance by patients aged ≥ 60 years between July 2020 and June 2023. Index and subsequent 28-day readmission were identified using ED data and hospital discharge records.
Biology (Basel)
July 2025
Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Resource Biology, Provincial-Ministry Joint State Key Laboratory of Qinba Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Comprehensive Development of Biological Resources in Qinba Mountain Area of Southern Shaanxi, School of
This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms by which dandelion extract inhibits the proliferation of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Dandelion root and leaf extracts were prepared using a heat reflux method and subjected to solvent gradient extraction to obtain fractions with different polarities. MTT assays revealed that the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on cell proliferation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Methodol
December 2025
Department of Medicine, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland-Bahrain, Busaiteen 15503, Muharraq, Bahrain.
Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations are prevalent in genetic myopathies, posing significant diagnostic and management challenges.
Aim: To synthesize evidence on the diagnostic approaches, management strategies, patient perspectives, and future research directions regarding GI symptoms in genetic myopathies.
Methods: A systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines.