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The aim of the present study was to characterize the probiotic potential of 4 N-6 strain isolated from cow's milk. For this purpose, acid, bile salt, pancreatin, pepsin, phenol, and lysozyme tolerance, co-aggregation and auto-aggregation properties, phytase production, antibiotic resistance, and antibacterial properties were analyzed in vitro. The strain had relatively poor acid, bile salt, and pepsin tolerance. However, the strain showed a high pancreatin, lysozyme, and phenol tolerance. In addition, it exhibited moderate co-aggregation with and good autoaggregation. Furthermore, the cell-free supernatant of . 4 N-6 showed a high antimicrobial activity against (N32), (RK-485), and (RK-487). 4 N-6 was resistant to vancomycin, teicoplanin, gentamicin, and ceflazidime. The 4 N-6 strain did not show hemolytic activity. In addition, this strain was found to be able to produce phytase. All the findings obtained indicate that . 4 N-6 is promising as a potential probiotic candidate and has superior properties that can be evaluated as a probiotic in the future. However, further research and in vivo studies are needed to fully understand its mechanism of action and optimize its use as a probiotic.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70205 | DOI Listing |
J Safety Res
September 2025
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address:
Introduction: Researchers, whether working in wet-labs, dry-labs, clinical settings, or field environments, encounter various hazards. However, there has been limited study on the health and safety of academic researchers. This study aimed to investigate hazardous occupational exposures and safety among researchers in academic settings at a large U.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Microbiol
September 2025
The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
Restriction-modification (R-M) systems protect against phage infection by detecting and degrading invading foreign DNA. However, like many prokaryotic anti-phage defences, R-M systems pose a major risk of autoimmunity, exacerbated by the presence of hundreds to thousands of potential cleavage sites in the bacterial genome. Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains experience the temporary inactivation of restriction endonucleases following growth at high temperatures, but the reason and mechanisms for this phenomenon are unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Aging Neurosci
August 2025
Department of Prosthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Introduction: Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease among the elderly population. It has been posited that the onset and progression of AD are influenced by a combination of various factors. Occlusal support loss due to tooth loss has been reported to be a risk factor triggering cognitive dysfunction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArtemisinin has long been a first-line antimalarial. Yet, its mode of action is still poorly understood. Emergence of artemisinin-resistant strains highlight the importance of addressing this question so as to develop better drugs and overcome resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem A
September 2025
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BE, U.K.
Cyclacene carbon nanobelts are predicted to be more stable in certain vibrational states. Vibrational simulations using hybrid thermally assisted-occupation density functional theory (TAO-DFT) predict small but consistent singlet-triplet electronic excitation energy changes at the classical harmonic vibrational turning points of the smaller belts. Geometric and vibrational properties are also compared between hybrid Kohn-Sham DFT and TAO-DFT for [n]cyclacene ( = 6-14), where TAO-DFT is found to shorten the carbon-carbon bonds bridging between the two annulene ribbons and causes qualitative changes in the calculated infrared spectra.
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