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This study tackles the challenge of upscaling perovskite solar modules (PSMs) to attain high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) suitable for industrial applications. Through systematic experimentation, a remarkable PCE of 17.68% for PSMs fabricated on a substrate with dimensions of 15.6 cm×15.6 cm is achieved. By refining the cell interconnection design, a geometric fill factor (GFF) of 96.4% is obtained, marking a significant milestone in bridging the performance gap between individual cells and modules. Building on this success, it is fabricated and tested large-area perovskite solar panels (PSPs) with an area of 0.73 m, integrating the optimized PSMs. This work not only demonstrates the feasibility of large-scale perovskite-based photovoltaic systems but also sets a new benchmark for the PCE and scalability of these technologies, paving the way for their practical application in renewable energy generation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.202416316 | DOI Listing |
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
July 2025
Institute of Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Perovskite-based solar cells (PSCs) have reached efficiencies comparable to those of commonly used silicon solar panels. Despite the promise of PSCs, their efficiency and commercial viability are currently restricted by three main factors: nonradiative charge recombinations on defects occurring within the light-absorbing layer and at its boundaries, limited reproducibility, and upscaling due to widely employed wet deposition methods. To address these issues, we investigated the defect passivation strategy by introducing potassium salt (KCl) during perovskite vapor deposition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem Lett
July 2025
Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Dalian 116024, China.
The two-step sequential deposition process has been widely employed to fabricate perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the random orientation of lead iodide (PbI) template and undesirable PbI residues resulting from the rapid and unregulated solid-liquid reaction poses a significant challenge to achieving high performance and long-term stability of two-step processed PSCs. Here, l-ascorbic acid sodium salt (l-AASS) was introduced into the lead iodide (PbI) precursor solution to delicately control the FAPbI crystallization kinetics behavior via manipulating the arrangement mode of mesoporous PbI template, which provides a more favorable foundation for the subsequent infiltration and reaction of organic salts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
September 2025
School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
Most record-efficiency perovskite solar cells rely on spin-coating with antisolvent dripping, which is fundamentally incompatible with roll-to-roll (R2R) manufacturing. The crystallization kinetics of dynamic wet film during spin coating differs widely from the static wet film during R2R fabrication, which makes the existing crystallization control strategies become inapplicable while upscaling. The crystallization regulation of static wet film remains a critical challenge, particularly under ambient conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
July 2025
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China.
The precursor quality critically determines the morphology, grain size, crystallinity, and trap state density of the perovskite films. A long shelf life of the perovskite precursor could greatly benefit the reliable upscaling of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we suggest that the most commonly used N, N-Dimethylformamide/Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMF/DMSO) mixed solvent exhibits more severe degradation compared to its corresponding single solvents, due to the complex interplay of reactions, including hydrolysis, oxidation, and deprotonation of precursor species in the solution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecules
May 2025
BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, China.
Perovskite, as a promising candidate for the next generation of photovoltaic materials, has attracted extensive attention. To date, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has reached 26.7%, which is competitive with that of commercial silicon cells.
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