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Speech development occurs in highly variable environments; however, little is known about the effect of situational context on emerging infant vocalizations. At 4 time points (4, 6, 9, and 12 months), we longitudinally measured vocalizations of 104 White infant-caregiver dyads (41 girls) during three play contexts: book-sharing, toy play, and rattle-shaking. The frequency of infant vocalizations differed between contexts only at 12 months of age. Meanwhile, caregivers systematically spoke more frequently during book-sharing than in other contexts from 4 months of age onwards. Book-sharing elicited more conversational turns at the dyadic level than in other contexts from 9 months of age. Our results show emergence of vocal differentiation of play context by infants and the role of book-sharing in facilitating early vocal turn-taking.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/desc.70018 | DOI Listing |
Cardiol Young
September 2025
Monroe Carell Jr Children's Hospital Vanderbilt, Nashville, TN, USA.
Background And Objectives: With more than 1 million children in the United States living with a heart defect or condition, it is important to identify interventions that may minimise the long-term impacts of repeated medical surveillance and care. Thus, the purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to examine relationships between facility dog intervention and young children's anxiety during outpatient echocardiogram.
Methods: Participants were seventy children aged 18 months to 8 years undergoing echocardiogram in a paediatric cardiology clinic.
Am J Primatol
September 2025
School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Vocal signals are the primary means of communication for most nonhuman primates. Quantitatively describing the vocal repertoire of specific species at specific age stages is a crucial step in studying their vocal communication, and it also provides a foundation for understanding the development and use of primate vocal signals. This study is the first attempt to establish a vocal repertoire for wild infant Tibetan macaques based on quantitative methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBehav Res Methods
September 2025
Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Department of Cybernetics, Prague, Czech Republic.
Automatic markerless estimation of infant posture and motion from ordinary videos carries great potential for movement studies "in the wild", facilitating understanding of motor development and massively increasing the chances of early diagnosis of disorders. There has been a rapid development of human pose estimation methods in computer vision, thanks to advances in deep learning and machine learning. However, these methods are trained on datasets that feature adults in different contexts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiabetes Res Clin Pract
September 2025
Siriraj Population Health and Nutrition Research Group (SPHERE), Research Group and Research Network Division, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. Electronic address:
Aims: Low-carbohydrate diets (LCDs) have emerged as a potential dietary intervention for managing glycemic control, but their effectiveness across different cultural contexts remains unclear. To evaluate the efficacy of LCDs in managing type 2 diabetes, with attention to cultural context, and to clarify how variability in carbohydrate definitions affects interpretation.
Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Scopus from inception to 1 August 2024 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) ≥ 12 weeks in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Radiother Oncol
September 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany. Electronic address:
Background: In recent years, intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) with low-energy X-rays is emerging as an alternative to postoperative stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) of the resection cavity in patients with resectable brain metastases (BMs).
Methods: We performed a systematic review of the MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus databases, including all original articles on IORT for resectable BMs from 2015 to 2025. Data on safety, local control, and survival outcomes were collected.