Randomised trial of assessing diagnostic yield in transbronchial biopsy with a guide sheath.

ERJ Open Res

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hsinchu Branch, Biomedical Park Hospital, Hsinchu County, Taiwan.

Published: March 2025


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Article Abstract

Objectives: Radial probe endobronchial ultrasound (rEBUS)-guided transbronchial biopsy (TBB) with a guide sheath (GS) is widely used to diagnose peripheral lung lesions (PPLs), but there is no consensus on whether it increases the diagnostic yield. We conducted this prospective study to compare the diagnostic yield of the GS method to the conventional method without a GS.

Methods: From November 2019 to March 2023, patients with PPLs were recruited and randomly assigned to rEBUS-TBB with a GS (GS group) or without a GS (conventional group). The histopathology, cytology and microbiology yield rates, as well as procedure time and post-procedure adverse events, of the two groups were compared.

Results: A total of 102 patients were enrolled (54 in the GS group and 48 in the conventional group). The pathology yield showed no statistical difference between the two groups (75.9% 68.8%, p=0.418), while the yield rates of brushing cytology (64.3% 42.9%, p=0.030) and washing cytology (41.5% 20.0%, p=0.0443) were higher in the GS group. Meanwhile, the yield from GS washing culture was lower than the bronchial washing culture yield (0% 57.1%, p=0.017). The bleeding risk was also lower in the GS group (9.3% 20.8%, p=0.049).

Conclusion: The pathology yield of rEBUS TBB with a GS did not significantly differ from the conventional method. However, a GS could improve the cytology yield rate and reduce the risk of bleeding. To enhance the microbiology yield, additional bronchial washing should be utilised.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11931523PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00771-2024DOI Listing

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