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The Retinoid X Receptor (RXR) has been identified as a primary target in diverse endocrine disruption processes resulting from exposure to tributyltin (TBT), particularly concerning imposex development in gastropods. Two partial open reading frames encoding RXR were successfully isolated from the marine gastropods Buccinastrum deforme (BgRXR) and Trophon geversianus (TgRXR). These edible species, residing in the same area and exposed to similar environmental pollution conditions in Patagonia, Argentina, display different levels of imposex development. Here, we present a thorough functional characterization of both RXRs, examining their responsiveness and modulation by 9-cis-retinoic acid (9-cis-RA) and TBT. BgRXR and TgRXR exhibited dose-dependent activation by both 9-cis-RA and TBT, in luciferase reporter assays. TgRXR displayed higher transcriptional activation than BgRXR triggered by both tested ligands, whereas only BgRXR was activated by low TBT concentrations. Our findings highlight RXR's role in imposex development, emphasizing the importance of species-specific factors in response to environmental contaminants.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-025-36278-7 | DOI Listing |
Sci Data
April 2025
Brighton Integrative Genomics (BIG) Unit and the Centre for Precision Health and Translational Medicine, School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 6DN, UK.
The dogwhelk (Nucella lapillus) is a predatory marine gastropod widely distributed across temperate intertidal zones. Renowned for its ecological role in controlling prey populations, N. lapillus is also an important bioindicator species for marine pollution through imposex.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Pollut Res Int
March 2025
Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIMAR/CIIMAR), University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal.
The Retinoid X Receptor (RXR) has been identified as a primary target in diverse endocrine disruption processes resulting from exposure to tributyltin (TBT), particularly concerning imposex development in gastropods. Two partial open reading frames encoding RXR were successfully isolated from the marine gastropods Buccinastrum deforme (BgRXR) and Trophon geversianus (TgRXR). These edible species, residing in the same area and exposed to similar environmental pollution conditions in Patagonia, Argentina, display different levels of imposex development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMar Pollut Bull
March 2025
Virginia Institute of Marine Science, William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062, United States of America.
This study assessed effectiveness of regulations reducing environmental butyltin concentrations in Southern Chesapeake Bay over the 1999-2021 period. Water column monitoring of the Elizabeth River from 1999 to 2006 demonstrated decreasing TBT from 2003 to 2006 (average >1 ng/L at most stations) to <1 ng L by 2019 but with higher concentrations of degradation products DBT and MBT. TBT degrades to DBT and MBT within sediments, and releases degradation products over time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Pollut
December 2024
Environmental Chemistry Research Group, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Chemistry Program, Campus of San Pablo, University of Cartagena, Carrera 50 No. 24-99, Cartagena, 130015, Colombia.
Organotin compounds (OTCs), such as tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPhT), are released in aquatic environments from antifouling coatings and can cause imposex, an abnormal condition where female snails develop male sexual characteristics. This study investigates temporal variations in imposex incidence along the Colombian Caribbean coast following the 2008 global ban on TBT-based antifouling paints. Over a 12-year period, we assessed imposex in 1,384 adults snails from six species (58% female and 42% male) during 2012, 2016, and 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Int
August 2024
State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Chemistry and School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. Electronic address:
Organotin compounds (OTs) are endocrine disruptors that induce imposex in hundreds of gastropods, but little is known about their underlying molecular mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate the endocrine toxicity and molecular responses to tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPT) exposure in the whelk Reishia clavigera, which often serves as a biomonitor for OT contamination. Over a 120-day exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of TBT (1000 ng L) and TPT (500 ng L), we observed a significant increase in penis length in both male and female whelks.
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