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Background: Since its invasion of China, the fall armyworm (FAW, Spodoptera frugiperda) has rapidly become a major threat to maize production, raising significant concerns about national food security. This study investigates the effects of herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs), released by maize in response to FAW larval infestation, on the oviposition behavior of female FAW.
Results: Larval feeding behavior induces the release of specific volatiles that deter female oviposition through olfactory repulsion and oviposition inhibition. Notably, compounds such as linalool, β-caryophyllene, (E)-β-farnesene and indole significantly deter FAW oviposition. Among these, linalool and β-caryophyllene display dual functions, both deterring FAW and attracting natural enemies.
Conclusion: This study highlights the dual role of HIPVs in deterring FAW and attracting natural enemies, revealing crucial ecological interactions among FAW, HIPVs, and their natural enemies. These findings provide valuable insights into sustainable and eco-friendly pest management strategies. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ps.8735 | DOI Listing |
Evol Psychol
September 2025
Department of Psychological Sciences & Health, University of Strathclyde, UK.
Researchers have suggested that men with more masculine facial characteristics have stronger immune systems but are perceived to be less likely to invest resources in partners and offspring. How women resolve this putative trade-off between the costs and benefits of choosing a masculine mate have previously been reported to be associated with women's openness to uncommitted relationships (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Phys
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India.
We introduce a novel method using a kilohertz (kHz) amplified 800 nm laser for the first experimental confinement of microparticles within a single beam. This study demonstrates that high-energy kHz pulses can confine 1-μm-radius polystyrene beads in water within ∼26 μm. This approach utilizes the unique properties of high-energy pulsed lasers, distinct from continuous-wave and megahertz pulsed lasers traditionally used in optical trapping.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Phys
September 2025
Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany.
The static and dynamic properties of a cyclic Rouse chain modified by the introduction of an effective, spherically symmetric, attracting potential of entropic nature are studied. It is shown that a relatively weak potential can lead to a strong contraction of the polymer chain: the radius of gyration becomes much smaller compared to the size of the free cyclic chain. The pronounced decrease in the terminal relaxation time of cyclic macromolecules in the presence of a harmonic potential compared to the Rouse relaxation time leads to a lengthening of the time interval for the transition to the normal, i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Mater
September 2025
College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China.
Formic acid (FA) has attracted significant interest as a renewable liquid-phase hydrogen carrier. Hydrogen generation from FA decomposition is essential for the development of hydrogen economy. Designing highly efficient catalysts with different coordination environments for FA dehydrogenation is crucial for fuel-cell applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Mater
September 2025
School of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
Buildings are increasingly being conceived as dynamic systems that interact with their surroundings to optimize energy performance and enhance occupant comfort. This evolution in architectural thinking draws inspiration from biological systems, where the building envelope functions like a thermally responsive "skin" that can autonomously adjust its optical and thermal properties in response to environmental temperature changes. Among the many approaches developed for smart building envelopes, passive thermoresponsive spectral modulation systems have attracted growing interest due to their structural simplicity and low energy demand.
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