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Absorption spectroscopy is combined with the principle of multiple wavelengths to develop a biomedical sensing mechanism, laid by two Fibre Bragg Gratings. It is essential to incorporate a sample holder in the setup in which the substances can be tested, necessitating its complete investigation without and with the holder, in both directions. The average losses of the fibre junctions are 0.44 and 0.18 dB, respectively, with accuracy of ±0.2 dB which lies within the intensity profile specified by the manufacturer (0.3 dB). Next, the spectral profiles and its respective factors (slope, threshold, mode spacing, intensity levels) of both systems are compared and thoroughly investigated on technical grounds, to examine any anticipated issues for the sensor's operation. Afterwards, we place the holder in the laser setup and check its efficiency by comparing it the intensity profiles of the system without it, under identical parametric values. The average Relative Intensity Noise is found to be consistently low and analogous in both setups, with scientific justifications. Repetition in the forward and reverse directions, and swapping the positions of the lenses, the outcomes show homogenous patterns, which provides conclusive approval with specified parametric regulations in this work.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e42294 | DOI Listing |
Cancer Immunol Immunother
September 2025
Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Whole blood (WB) transcriptomics offers a minimal-invasive method to assess patients' immune system. This study aimed to identify transcriptional patterns in WB associated with clinical outcomes in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). We performed RNA-sequencing on pre-treatment WB samples from 145 patients with advanced cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chem
September 2025
Environmental NMR Center, University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique with a wide range of applications. To support the analysis of diverse and complex samples, various NMR tools and accessories have been created. Three-dimensional (3D) printing is an underutilized production method for NMR hardware, mainly due to the lack of H NMR background-free resins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pharm Policy Pract
September 2025
School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Background: The Market Authorization Holder (MAH) system in China, which separates marketing authorisation from production authorisation, was piloted in 2016 across 10 provinces and cities and was fully implemented at the end of 2019 with the new revision of the 'Drug Administration Law of the People's Republic of China'. This study examines the impact of the MAH system on innovation in China's pharmaceutical industry.
Methods: Using data from A-share pharmaceutical enterprises between 2009 and 2023, this study employs a Propensity Score Matching Difference-in-Difference (PSM-DID) design.
Alzheimers Dement
September 2025
Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Introduction: Digital cognitive assessments offer a promising approach to monitoring cognitive impairments, but repeated use can introduce practice effects, potentially masking changes in cognitive status. We evaluated practice effects using the Defense Automated Neurobehavioral Assessment (DANA), a digital battery designed for cognitive monitoring.
Methods: We analyzed data from 116 participants from the Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, comparing response times across two DANA sessions, around 90 days apart, while controlling for cognitive status, sex, age, and education.
Chaos
September 2025
MEMOTEF, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma 00161, Italy.
In this study, we construct surrogate stochastic processes that are challenging to distinguish from ordinary Brownian motion using a method based on the Schauder representation. Specifically, by assuming non-Gaussian (beta and uniform) distributions for the Schauder coefficients, we generate sample paths that preserve key properties of Brownian motion-such as quadratic variation, covariance structure, pointwise Hölder regularity, uncorrelated increments, as well as Gaussian marginal distributions. However, a deeper analysis relying on entropy-based measures and sliding-window spectral variance reveals that only the Gaussian-based construction preserves the expected randomness and the consistent spectral behavior of Brownian motion over time.
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