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A photoacid-catalyzed method for esterification is proposed wherein eosin Y is introduced as a photoacid and photoredox catalyst that can be activated with visible light and catalyze the esterification of carboxylic acids. The strategy presented here revealed that proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) between eosin Y and carboxylic acid might facilitate the formation of a transient ketyl radical. This ketyl radical would subsequently undergo a single electron transfer and then couple with alkyl alcohols, yielding carboxylic esters in good to excellent yields.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.4c04639 | DOI Listing |
Environ Res
August 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, Sustainable Electrochemical Energy Development Center (SEED), National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Daan Dist., Taipei City, 106, Taiwan; R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli Dist., Taoyuan City, 320, Taiwan.
Zirconium-based MOF-808 exhibits limited light absorption, restricting its photocatalytic performance. In this study, a dual-doping strategy involving 4-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and colloidal dopamine-melanin (Dpa) was employed to synergistically enhance both the adsorption capacity and light absorption of MOF-808 for photocatalytic tetracycline oxidation. The dual-doped PABA/Dpa-MOF-808 (P/D/MOF-808) sample exhibited extended light absorption in the visible light range (350-800 nm) and a significantly larger surface area (∼1150 m/g) than that of pristine MOF-808 (∼728 m/g).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Food Sci
September 2025
College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
Thermal processing, an effective strategy for salt reduction and preservation, is prone to causing texture deterioration (softening) in processed fruits and vegetables. Previous studies have reported that exogenous calcium and organic acids can serve as texture enhancers for plant-based foods during cooking, mitigating texture damage from thermal treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Pharm
August 2025
School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK. Electronic address:
Lactic acid is the most abundant organic weak acid in the healthy human vagina and plays a pivotal role in maintaining an acidic vaginal environment protective against exogenous bacteria and viruses. However, in dysbiotic or non-optimal vaginal environments, significantly decreased concentrations of lactobacilli result in reduced lactic acid production, increased vaginal pH, and enhanced risk of sexually transmitted infections (including human immunodeficiency virus), and bacterial vaginosis. Various gel-based products are marketed to administer lactic acid vaginally for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis and non-hormonal contraception, and there is interest in developing vaginal ring products for sustained/controlled release of lactic acid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCarbohydr Polym
November 2025
Institute of Food and Processing, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China.
This study combined the modification of pectin by fermentation and the drying characteristics of fermented apples to evaluate the effect of fermentation pre-treatment on the formation of dried apple texture. The results showed that lactic acid bacteria altered the pectin content of water-soluble pectin, simultaneously, P. ethanolidurans significantly increased the esterification degree of sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (55.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioresour Technol
December 2025
School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, 43900 Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Centre of Excellence for Industrial Research and Climate Action (CIRCLE), Xiamen University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi
The acid-based approach for extracting nanocellulose supplies prfotons essential to hydrolyse cellulose and catalyse topochemical functionalization. However, the hydrolytic kinetics are so rapid that they cause the cellulose to degrade into monomeric sugars intractably, limiting the functionalization capacity. Thus, we posit a dual polyacid-based ternary deep eutectic solvent (DP/TDES), with incorporation of oxalic and citric acids that shifted the pronounced reactivity contribution from hydrolysis to H-bonding disruption mechanism.
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