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Background: The Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory (MPFI) is a measure of all facets of psychological flexibility and inflexibility, potentially important processes of change in psychological treatment for chronic pain. In some contexts, it can be considered too long. The aim of this study was, therefore, to validate a short form MPFI (MPFI-24P) in a chronic pain sample.
Methods: Adults with chronic pain were recruited online (N = 404) for a cross-sectional survey study. They first completed pain background questions and the MPFI. For examining convergent construct validity and explained variance in pain-related outcomes, participants also completed the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Pain Interference Scale, the Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), a depression measure. Data were collected on two occasions, 2 weeks apart. Item response theory (IRT) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used for selecting the best-performing items.
Results: IRT parameters were overall adequate, and hierarchical CFA demonstrated a good model fit. Network analysis of the MPFI items indicated that, in general, items intended to measure the same facets were substantially interconnected, more so for the inflexibility items. Temporal stability was adequate, and internal consistency was good. The MPFI-24P correlated with pain interference, work and social adjustment and depression, with the inflexibility scale better predicting these outcomes. The MPFI-24P correlated strongly with the full-length MPFI.
Conclusions: The MPFI-24P for chronic pain is generally valid and reliable, especially the inflexibility scale. It performs similarly to the full-length MPFI.
Significance: This paper contributes with a measure that is both feasible to use in clinical practice and research, while being able to measure all facets of psychological flexibility and inflexibility-psychological processes of change that are important to evaluate in psychological treatment of chronic pain in order to better individualize treatment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejp.4781 | DOI Listing |
Eur J Case Rep Intern Med
August 2025
Department of General Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
Introduction: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common sensorimotor disorder that primarily affects the lower extremities. This condition is characterized by unpleasant sensations and an irresistible urge to move the affected body regions, typically during periods of rest or at night. While RLS most commonly involves the legs, atypical variants affecting other body parts, including the arms, abdomen, face, and even the head, have increasingly been reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Acupunct
August 2025
American TCM Association, Roseville, MN 55113, USA.
Introduction: Acupuncture has gained recognition in modern health care for its effectiveness in managing chronic pain, reducing stress, and enhancing well-being.
Discussion: Despite this, the acupuncture profession in the United States faces significant challenges, including the disconnect between education and job markets, the encroachment of other health professionals such as physical therapists, preference for medical doctors over licensed acupuncturists in medical establishments, and inconsistent entry standards that affect care quality. Fragmented regulations and public misconceptions further undermine the profession's credibility.
Med Acupunct
August 2025
Kampo Clinical Center, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
Background: Acupuncture and moxibustion (AM) are effective for pain relief and chronic disease management but carry risks of adverse events (AEs). Japan prioritizes AM safety, and Hiroshima University Hospital Kampo Clinical Center (HUHKCC) follows strict professional standards to ensure both safety and efficacy.
Objectives: The study analyzes AM-related AEs in Japan over the past decade, compares them with HUHKCC practices, and proposes risk mitigation strategies.
J Surg Case Rep
September 2025
Department of Pathology, Tishreen University Hospital, Lattakia, Syria.
Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological condition characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterine cavity. Although commonly associated with pelvic pain and infertility, its incidental discovery during a cesarean section is rare. To our knowledge, we report the first documented case of decidualized endometriosis identified on the anterior peritoneum during an emergency cesarean section in a 28-year-old woman with only one previous cesarean delivery and no prior symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Neurosci
August 2025
Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States.
Introduction: Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and Gulf War Illness (GWI) have similar profiles of pain (nociception), visceral interoception, and tenderness (central sensitization) that may be due to dysfunction of midbrain and medulla descending antinociceptive and antiinteroceptive mechanisms. If so, then dolorimetry, a proxy for tenderness, may be correlated with subjective symptoms. The relationship with fatigue was assessed in Chronic Idiopathic Fatigue (CIF).
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