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Article Abstract

Background: Venous thromboembolism after colorectal cancer resection is common and highly morbid. Extended pharmacologic venous thromboembolism prophylaxis after cancer surgery lowers venous thromboembolism risk and is recommended by major professional societies. Adherence is low in contemporary local and regional studies.

Objective: Assess patient and hospital factors associated with receipt of prophylaxis after colorectal cancer surgery in a national data set.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Settings: Surveillance, epidemiology, and end results in a Medicare data set.

Patients: Patients older than 64 years undergoing resection for colorectal cancer between 2016 and 2017.

Main Outcome Measures: The primary outcome was the receipt of prophylaxis within 7 days of discharge. Patient and hospital factors associated with receiving prophylaxis were identified using multivariable logistic regression. Secondary outcomes included 30- and 90-day venous thromboembolism.

Results: Of 23,527 patients, 4.7% received prophylaxis. Utilization increased from 2016 to 2017 (3.9% vs 5.5%; p < 0.001). Patients treated at National Cancer Institute-designated hospitals received prophylaxis more frequently than teaching, non-National Cancer Institute hospitals and nonteaching, non-National Cancer Institute hospitals (10.2% vs 5.6% vs 1.7%; p < 0.001). Patients receiving care at larger hospitals by bed size quartile were more likely to receive prophylaxis compared to those at smaller hospitals (9.0% vs 4.0% vs 3.4% vs 2.2%; p < 0.01). On multivariable regression, National Cancer Institute status, larger bed size, White race (compared to others), rectal tumor location, and more recent year of treatment were independently associated with prophylaxis utilization. Venous thromboembolism events at 30 and 90 days were 1.87% and 2.63%, respectively. Prophylaxis was associated with decreased 30-day venous thromboembolism (1.26% vs 1.9%; p = 0.1211).

Limitations: Retrospective, large database study.

Conclusions: Utilization of prophylaxis after colorectal cancer surgery remains limited even in large, specialized hospitals. Further work is needed to understand this departure from guideline-concordant care. See Video Abstract .

La Directriz Concordante Extendida Sobre La Utilizacion De Profilaxis Para La Tromboembolia Venosa Despus De La Reseccin Del Cncer Colorrectal Es Baja Independientemente De Los Factores Del Paciente O Las Caractersticas Del Hospital: ANTECEDENTES:La tromboembolia venosa tras la resección del cáncer colorrectal es común y presenta una alta morbilidad. La profilaxis farmacológica prolongada indicada para la tromboembolia venosa después de la cirugía del cáncer reduce el riesgo de tromboembolia venosa y es recomendada por las principales sociedades profesionales. La adherencia es baja en estudios locales y regionales contemporáneos.OBJETIVO:Evaluar los factores relacionados al paciente y al hospital asociados con la indicacion de profilaxis después de la cirugía del cáncer colorrectal en un conjunto de datos nacionales.DISEÑO:Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo.ESCENARIO:Conjunto de datos de vigilancia, epidemiología y resultados finales de Medicare.PACIENTES:Pacientes mayores de 64 años sometidos a resección por cáncer colorrectal entre 2016 y 2017.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADOS:El resultado primario fue la recepcion de profilaxis dentro de los 7 días posteriores al alta. Los factores asociados al paciente y al hospital asociados con la recepción de profilaxis se identificaron mediante regresión logística multivariable. Los resultados secundarios incluyeron la tromboembolia venosa a los 30 y 90 días.RESULTADOS:De 23.527 pacientes, el 4,7 % recibió profilaxis. La utilización aumentó de 2016 a 2017 (3,9 % frente a 5,5 %; p < 0,001). Los pacientes tratados en hospitales designados por el Instituto Nacional del Cáncer recibieron profilaxis con mayor frecuencia que los hospitales docentes no pertenecientes al Instituto Nacional del Cáncer y los hospitales no docentes no pertenecientes al Instituto Nacional del Cáncer (10,2 % frente a 5,6 % frente a 1,7 %; p < 0,001). Los pacientes que recibieron atención en hospitales más grandes por cuartil de tamaño de cama tenían más probabilidades de recibir profilaxis en comparación con los de hospitales más pequeños (9,0 % frente a 4,0 % frente a 3,4 % frente a 2,2 %; p < 0,01). En la regresión multivariable, el status relacionado al Instituto Nacional del Cáncer, el mayor tamaño de cama, la raza blanca (en comparación con otras), la ubicación del tumor rectal y año más reciente de tratamiento se asociaron de forma independiente con la utilización de profilaxis. Los eventos de tromboembolia venosa a los 30 y 90 días fueron de 1,87% y 2,63% respectivamente. La profilaxis se asoció con una disminución de la tromboembolia venosa a los 30 días (1,26% frente a 1,9%; p = 0,1211).LIMITACIONES:Estudio retrospectivo de una gran base de datos.CONCLUSIONES:La utilización de la profilaxis después de la cirugía de cáncer colorrectal sigue siendo limitada incluso en hospitales grandes y especializados. Se necesitan más estudios para comprender esta desviación de la atención concordante con las directrices. (Traducción-Dr Osvaldo Gauto ).

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/DCR.0000000000003616DOI Listing

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