Minimally Invasive Surgery for Colon Cancer: Surgical and Oncologic Outcomes since the Clinical Outcomes of Surgical Therapy Trial.

Multiple randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the short-term recovery benefits of laparoscopic colectomy for colon cancer while maintaining noninferior long-term oncologic outcomes relative to open surgery. These short- and long-term results have been validated in large observational trials with the widespread adoption of laparoscopic colectomy for colon cancer. Subsequent advances in minimally invasive technique including robotic colectomy, intracorporeal anastomosis, and natural orifice extraction may preserve or augment the benefits of minimally invasive surgical treatment for colon cancer although data in these areas are less robust.

Surgeon Attitudes to Guideline-Concordant Extended Pharmacologic Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis after Cancer Surgery Within a Regional Health System: A Qualitative Study.

Background: While infrequent, venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality after cancer surgery. Extended pharmacologic VTE prophylaxis (ePPX) decreases VTE risk and is recommended by professional societies. Observational studies have shown limited ePPX utilization, although reasons for non-adherence have not been forthcoming from existing data.

Molecular characterisation of common Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Ireland.

Background: Biting midges of the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) act as vectors for several arboviruses, including bluetongue virus (BTV) and Schmallenberg virus (SBV), which affect livestock health and productivity. In Ireland, limited genetic data are available regarding the diversity of Culicoides species. This study represents the first attempt to characterise Culicoides in this region using molecular techniques.

Guideline-Concordant Extended Pharmacologic Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis Utilization After Colorectal Cancer Resection Is Low Regardless of Patient Factors or Hospital Characteristics.

Background: Venous thromboembolism after colorectal cancer resection is common and highly morbid. Extended pharmacologic venous thromboembolism prophylaxis after cancer surgery lowers venous thromboembolism risk and is recommended by major professional societies. Adherence is low in contemporary local and regional studies.

Extended Pharmacologic Prophylaxis for Venous Thromboembolism After Colon Cancer Surgery Is Associated With Improved Long-term Survival: A Natural Experiment in the Chemotherapeutic Benefit of Heparin Derivatives.

Objective: This large database study assessed whether extended pharmacologic prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism after colon cancer resection was associated with improved oncologic survival.

Background: Heparin derivatives may confer an antineoplastic effect via a variety of mechanisms (eg, inhibiting angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment). Studies evaluating the oncologic benefit of heparin and its derivatives have been limited in postsurgical patients.

Future patterns in burden and incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of the anus in the United States, 2001-2035.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA) incidence has been rising in the United States, particularly among older adults (≥65 years). We estimated the impact of this rise on future burden (through 2035) using age-period-cohort modeling. The SCCA burden (cases/year) is expected to rise, reaching approximately 2700 among men and approximately 7000 among women in 2031-2035 (burden during 2016-2020 among men and women was approximately 2150 and approximately 4600), with most cases 65 years of age or older (61% in men and 70% in women in 2031-2035; from 40% and 46% in 2016-2020).

Predicting Accelerometer-Assessed Estimates of Adolescents' Multidimensional Physical Activity: A Self-Determination Theory Approach.

Based on the tenets in self-determination theory, a dual-process model of motivational processes was tested to predict accelerometer-assessed estimates of adolescents' light physical activity (LPA), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and sedentary time. Here, we hypothesized that (a) perceptions of psychological need support for exercise would be positively associated with LPA and MVPA and negatively associated with sedentary time via exercise-related psychological need satisfaction and autonomous exercise motivation and (b) perceptions of psychological need thwarting for exercise would be negatively associated with LPA and MVPA and positively associated with sedentary time via exercise-related psychological need frustration and controlled exercise motivation. Adolescents (N = 338; 234 female) age 11-15 years (M = 12.

Perioperative Malnutrition.

A 61-year-old man presented with penetrating Crohn's ileocolitis and neoterminal ileal fibrostenotic stricture. He developed an anastomotic leak after a redo ileocolic resection and now has a chronic low-output enterocutaneous fistula. He was transferred from an outside institution for further management and is currently without Crohn's disease (CD)-related medical therapy.

Perioperative Nutritional Considerations in Colon and Rectal Surgery.

Malnutrition is common in surgical patients and is associated with substantially increased morbidity and mortality. Dedicated assessment of nutritional status is advised by major nutrition and surgical societies. Assessment may utilize comprehensive and validated nutritional assessment tools or targeted history, physical examination with accompanying serologic markers to identify nutritional risk preoperatively.

Far From Home: The Role of Travel Distance and Care Fragmentation in Surgical Outcomes for Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Fragmented care for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is known to correlate negatively with outcomes, but it is unclear which aspects of care fragmentation are relevant and potentially modifiable. Furthermore, there is little data on the relationship between travel distance and the benefits of integrated care models. Hypothesizing care coordination in the preoperative period may have a significant impact on surgical outcomes, we explored associations between integrated care, travel distance, and surgical outcomes.

What's up with everyone?': The effectiveness of a digital media mental health literacy campaign for young people.

Background: In 2021, the Arts and Humanities Research Council commissioned a mass-media mental health campaign called "What's up With Everyone?" Here, innovative co-created messages were professionally storied and animated by an internationally recognized production company and focused on improving mental health literacy in five core areas: competition, social media, perfectionism, loneliness and isolation, and independence.

Aims: This study examines the impact of the "What's up With Everyone?" campaign on young people's mental health awareness.

Methods: Seventy-one (19 males, 51 females, age = 19.

Young People's Trust in Cocreated Web-Based Resources to Promote Mental Health Literacy: Focus Group Study.

Background: There is a pressing need to create resources to promote mental health literacy among young people. Digital media is one of the methods that can be used to successfully promote mental health literacy. Although digital mental health resources are generally favorably perceived by young people, one of the essential factors in whether they choose to use these interventions is trust.

Ammonia emissions from agriculture and their contribution to fine particulate matter: A review of implications for human health.

Atmospheric ammonia (NH) released from agriculture is contributing significantly to acidification and atmospheric NH may have on human health is much less readily available. The potential direct impact of NH on the health of the general public is under-represented in scientific literature, though there have been several studies which indicate that NH has a direct effect on the respiratory health of those who handle livestock. These health impacts can include a reduced lung function, irritation to the throat and eyes, and increased coughing and phlegm expulsion.

Preoperative small bowel dilation is associated with ileus after right colectomy.

Background: The relationship between preoperative bowel dysfunction and postoperative ileus has not been explored clinically. We hypothesized chronic partial obstruction, based on preoperative small bowel diameter, is associated with ileus after colon surgery.

Methods: This was a retrospective case-control study of patients undergoing right colectomy or ileocolic resection with primary anastomosis.

Selective type & screen for elective colectomy based on a transfusion risk score may generate substantial cost savings.

Background: Preoperative type and screen are currently recommended for all patients undergoing colectomy. We aimed to identify risk factors for transfusion and define a low-risk cohort of patients undergoing colectomy in whom type and screen may be safely avoided.

Methods: We identified all patients undergoing elective colectomy in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Project-Targeted Colectomy files from 2012 to 2016.

What's Up With Everyone? A qualitative study on young people's perceptions of cocreated online animations to promote mental health literacy.

Introduction: Adolescence and young adulthood are especially critical times to learn about mental health, given that 75% of mental health issues are developed by the age of 24. Animations have great potential to effectively deliver mental health information to young people. A series of five short animated films to promote mental health literacy were created with and for young people in partnership with the multi-award-winning independent animation studio, Aardman Animations.

Fever After Colectomy in the Enhanced Recovery Era: Incidence and Risk Factors for Pathologic Source.

Introduction: Postoperative fever following elective colectomy is common and often results in comprehensive laboratory and radiographic testing. We hypothesized that risk factors for febrile complications may be identified with data available at the time of initial fever episode and that a significant proportion of patients exists in which additional testing is of minimal utility.

Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study of patients undergoing elective colorectal resection at a single institution between 2015 and 2020 with postoperative fever ≥38.

Young people's perceptions of their parents' expectations and criticism are increasing over time: Implications for perfectionism.

Recent evidence demonstrates rising self-oriented, other-oriented, and socially prescribed perfectionism among young people from the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada (Curran & Hill, 2019). One reason why perfectionism is increasing may be that rising competitiveness and individualism are requiring parents to engage in anxious, overly involved, and/or overly controlling forms of parenting. Yet, data to support this claim are limited and contested.

Athlete Burnout Symptoms Are Increasing: A Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis of Average Levels From 1997 to 2019.

With the increasing prevalence of mental health difficulties in sport, athletes may be at greater risk of burnout than ever before. In the present study, we tested this possibility by examining whether average athlete burnout levels have changed over the past 2 decades, from 1997 to 2019. A literature search returned 91 studies (N = 21,012) and 396 effect sizes.

Surgical Outcomes Improvement and Health Inequity in a Regional Quality Collaborative.

Background: Surgical quality improvement initiatives may impact sociodemographic groups differentially. The objective of this analysis was to assess the trajectory of surgical morbidity by race and age over time within a Regional Collaborative Quality Initiative.

Study Design: Adults undergoing eligible general surgery procedures in South Carolina Surgical Quality Collaborative hospitals were analyzed for the presence of at least 1 of 22 morbidities between August 2015 and February 2020.